【作者】 姚玉敏；

【导师】 黄成林；

【作者基本信息】 安徽农业大学 ， 森林培育， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 红叶酢浆草叶片优美,是一种优良的地被植物。它管理粗放,耐病虫害,在园林中广泛应用。目前采用传统的鳞茎繁殖方法,难以满足市场的需求,价格一直居高不下,极大地影响了该种植物的推广、应用。本文从红叶酢浆草的物候、光合特性、组织培养几方面进行研究,以便更全面深入地了解红叶酢浆草这种观赏植物的特性,最适宜的生长条件,为红叶酢浆草在园林中的配植应用提供理论指导;掌握红叶酢浆草的组织培养技术,提高红叶酢浆草的繁殖率,为实现工厂化生产创造条件。本实验实验地在合肥市,实验结果如下:1.红叶酢浆草的生长期是3月～12月,花期4月～11月,温度低于5℃或有严重的霜降时,地上部分死亡。红叶酢浆草是阳性植物,但出苗时忌阳光直射,喜温暖潮湿环境。在粘土壤中,红叶酢浆草的栽种深度不宜超过20cm,可以适度修剪。2.组培采用器官发生途径,最佳的外植体材料是叶柄,最佳的消毒方法是:外植体材料→自来水冲洗干净→70%酒精消毒10秒→0.1%升汞消毒5分钟→无菌水冲洗6次→接种。基本培养基是MS,细胞分裂素BA和细胞生长素NAA是诱导增殖生根的主导因素。单因子、双因子和三因子实验结果表明,加入三种激素对诱导形成组培苗有利,具体为:对于诱导最好的培养基是MS+2、4-D0.6mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L +BA1.0mg/L +蔗糖25g/L+琼脂粉7g/L;对于试管苗继代增殖最好的培养基是MS+2、4-D0.2mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L+BA1.5mg/L+蔗糖25g/L+琼脂粉7g/L ;对于诱导生根最好的培养基是MS+2、4-D0.2mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L+BA1.0mg/L+蔗糖25g/L+琼脂粉7g/L;诱导产生鳞茎最好的激素组合是MS+2、4-D0.2mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L+BA0.5mg/L+蔗糖25g/L+琼脂粉7g/L;培养基均调pH5.8,光照12h/d,光照强度2000lx。从接种到移栽,一个周期需要3个半月左右。培养基中加入活性碳对增殖、生根及最后的成苗有一定积极作用,但影响不大。红叶酢浆草可以一次成苗,减少成本,组培苗炼苗后移栽到营养比较丰富的基质中正常管理即可,当温度20～30℃时,移栽成活率可达100%。3.红叶酢浆草的最大净光合速率在夏季,净光合速率平均值是夏季大于春季大于秋季,春季对净光合速率影响最显著的因子是大气温度,夏季净光合速率主要受到胞间CO2浓度和含水量的影响,秋季净光合速率主要受到胞间CO2浓度和光照强度的影响,三个季节的胞间CO2浓度与净光合速率负相关。春季的光补偿点在20μmol·m-2·s-1左右,光饱和点是1300μmol·m-2·s-1;夏季的光补偿点在45μmol·m-2·s-1左右,光饱和点是900μmol·m-2·s-1;秋季的光补偿点在80μ·molm-2·s-1左右,光饱和点是600μmol·m-2·s-1。4.红叶酢浆草的水分利用率较低,说明它抗旱能力相对较弱。三个季节的水分利用率夏季最高,其次是春季,秋季的水分利用率最低且为负值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Oxalis vidacea L. is one of very high value group cover plants and it′s leaves are very beautiful. Oxalis vidacea L. doesn′t need to be conserved carefully and is not easy to be infected by plant diseases and insect pests.It is used for afforestation in garden.When the temperature is less than 5℃,the leaves and the leafstalks would die.At present,the main propagation method is the way by bulb.Because the propagation coefficient is not high,the price of Oxalis vida-cea L. is also high.These factors limit its use.The article researched several as-pects including phenology、the character of photosynthesis and tissue culture in order to use the plant elasticly.In order to incease the propagation rate and realize industrialization,mastering technology of tissue culture is essential.This experimental place is Hefei city.And the result of this experiment as follows:1. The growing period of the plant is from March to December and the flower season is from April to November.The leaves and leafstalks would die When the temperature is less than 5℃or having a heavy frost.Strong light is situable for the plant . But when it sprounts,umbrageous condition is essential.Oxalis vidacea L. loves warm and moist environment. The depth of plant ougnt to less than 20cm in clay and it fits for moderate prune2.This tissue culture experiment adopts way of organ and the best explant is leafstalk.The best effective flow of asepsis method is as following:explant→clean up by tap water→dip in the 70% alcohol about 10s→dip in the 0.1%Hgcl2about 5min→wash 6 times by asepsis water→inoculate.Basic culture medium is MS and the main hormone are BA and NAA. The test of three factors is best in contrast to the test of one factor and two factors.Specific result as follows: MS+2、4-D0.6mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L+BA1.0mg/L +sugar25g/L+agar7g/L is used for inducement. The best multiplication medium is MS+2、4-D0.2mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L+BA1.5mg/L+sugar25g/L+agar7g/L. MS+2、4-D0.2mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L +BA1.0mg/L +sugar25g/L+agar7g/L is suitable fou inducing root and the best medium for bulb is MS+2、4-D0.2mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L +BA0.5mg/L +sugar25g/L+agar7g/L.The condition of tissue culture is listed as belowing:light strength is 2000 lx,the time of light is 12h in a day and pH is 5.8.One cycle which is from inoculating to transplanting needs half and three months.The combination of active charcoal has active function but the effect is not notable.When transplanting,normal cultivate medium is good.If the temperature is between 20℃and 30℃,the survival rate could reach 100%.3.In summer net photosynthetic rate of Oxalis vidacea L. is highest.The order of average net photosynthetic rate as follows:summer is greater than spring and spring is greater than autumn.The most important factor is air temperature in spring.The main factors are intercellular CO2 concentration and percent of water in summer. Intercellular CO2 concentration and illumination intensity are the two important factors in autumn.The correlation between net photosynthetic rate and intercellular co2 concentration is contrary.The compensation point is about 20μmol·m-2·s-1 and the saturation point is 1300μmol·m-2·s-1 in spring. The compensation point is about 45μmol·m-2·s-1 and the saturation point is 900μmol·m-2·s-1 in summer. The compensation point and the saturation point are 80μ·molm-2·s-1 and 600μmol·m-2·s-1.4. The Water Use Efficiency of Oxalis vidacea L is lower .This shows it′s drought-resistant ability is weaker.The WUE in summer is highest and the WUE in spring is higher than in autumn.The average value of WUE in autumn is negative.更多还原