【作者】 张璐；

【导师】 施养杭；

【作者基本信息】 华侨大学 ， 结构工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着大量钢筋混凝土建筑物使用年限的增长，结构的老化问题日益突出。如何对在役钢筋混凝土结构的耐久性进行评定和预测已成为一个迫切需要解决的课题。本文以“国家混凝土规范第六批科研项目[GBKY6001]”和“华侨大学高层次人才科研基金[05BS303]”为研究背景，在已有钢筋混凝土结构耐久性研究的基础上，重点研究了多因素影响下的钢筋混凝土结构的耐久性评估及其寿命预测模型。主要的研究内容包括以下几方面： 首先，针对混凝土碳化、氯离子侵蚀、硫酸盐腐蚀、承载力失效等因素，分析这些因素对钢筋混凝土结构耐久性的影响机理，并以此为基础，综合考虑各种失效模型的相关性，提出用系统可靠度方法分析钢筋混凝土构件在多因素影响下的耐久性可靠度模型；并将此模型应用于结构体系可靠度的分析。 其次，利用已有的结构可靠性鉴定标准和大量的研究资料，提出了影响钢筋混凝土结构耐久性各项定性指标和定量指标的评定标准。根据层次分析法(AHP)和属性识别理论，建立了从钢筋混凝土构件到结构的耐久性综合评定模型。由模型计算得出的评判等级和评判分数，可作为在役钢筋混凝土构件和结构耐久性进行定量评估和定性评判的依据。 第三，针对钢筋混凝土结构耐久性各评定指标的特点，将其分为程度型和速度型两种类型，采用基于属性识别理论的钢筋混凝土结构耐久性评定模型，推算结构耐久性能随时间的衰减程度和衰减速度，以衰减程度达到10％作为结构寿命的终结标准，并根据结构的衰减程度和衰减速度随时间变化的指数关系，得到结构的剩余寿命模型。 最后，在考虑结构抗力衰减的动态可靠性分析模型的基础上，综合造价、维护费用、加固费用及效益(包括直接效益和间接效益)等经济因素对钢筋混凝土结构剩余使用寿命的影响，依据可靠性和经济优化双控原则，对结构剩余使用寿命进行评估，从而获得结构的经济剩余寿命模型。 本文建立了基于多因素影响的钢筋混凝土结构耐久性的可靠度分析模型、基于属性识别理论的钢筋混凝土结构耐久性综合评定及剩余寿命预测模型、钢筋混凝土结构的经济剩余寿命预测模型，然后以这三个模型对在役钢筋混凝土结构耐久性进行综合评估。 经理论分析与实例验证，结果表明： (1)提出的钢筋混凝土结构的耐久性评估和剩余寿命预测的方法是可行和有效的，计算结果与实测研究具有高度一致性，符合工程实际中结构和构件的耐久性寿命的变化规律；更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing of existing reinforced concrete structures’ service life, the aging problem of structures is more and more prominent. How to assess the durability and predict the residual service life of existing reinforced concrete structures has become an urgent problem. This paper bases on background ’The Sixth Research Subject of National Concrete Code Project [GBky6001]’ and ’The Research fund of HuaQiao University’s high-level Person [BS05303]’. Build on the existing durability study of reinforced concrete structures, the main research of this paper is the durability assessment and durable service life prediction of reinforced concrete structures on the basis of a number of factors. The main content is as follows:Firstly, based on the research of the durability influence due to concrete carbonation, chloride ion ingress and sulfate attack combined with the load-carrying capacity, the paper synthetically studied the correlation of all failure models, and advanced the durable reliability model of reinforced concrete members analyzing by systematic reliability method, which are influenced by a number of factors; then applied this model to the analysis of reinforced concrete structures.Secondly, by taking advantage of all existing identification standard for reliability, this paper gave the assessment standards of all qualitative and quantitative index. Based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and attribute recognition theoretical model, this paper set up a synthetically durability assessment model which can assess reinforced concrete members and structures. The result of the model can be the basis of the durability assessment of the existing reinforced concrete members and structure.Thirdly, the durability assessment index was divided into deterioration degree index and deterioration rate index. Based on attribute recognition theoretical model, this paper got the two assessment results of the deterioration degree and deterioration rate, then took deterioration degree which reached 10% as the failure standard. At last, based on the assumption that deterioration varies with time exponentially, the residual service life is yielded.Finally, based on the analysis model of structural dynamic reliability which took account of load-carrying capacity decaying, the cost of building maintain and reinforcement, and economic benefit (including direct and indirect economic benefit), this paper put forward an assessment criterion for remaining service lives of existing concrete structures based on the theory of reliability and economic optimization. And also, an optimum model to predict the remaining lives is provided.In this paper, three durability assessment models of existing concrete structures were found, that were the reliability analysis model of structure durability model更多还原