企业信用中的法律问题研究

【作者】 冯莉；

【导师】 孙非亚；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 经济法学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 规范市场经济秩序，健全现代市场经济的社会信用体系，是十六大确定的经济建设和经济体制改革的重要内容之一。市场经济是信用经济，也是法制经济。企业是市场经济的微观基础，企业信用是整个社会信用的重要组成部分。因此，建立企业信用制度，是规范市场经济秩序，促进市场经济健康发展的重要途径，是健全统一开放、竞争有序的现代市场经济的有效措施。然而，我国企业的信用正面临着严峻的考验，并且已经给经济和社会的发展带来了极大的危害，导致企业竞争力和地方经济严重受损，造成资源配置效率降低，投资环境恶化。加入WTO后企业信用缺失，将从根本上破坏我国的投资环境和国际竞争力。同时我国现有的一些法律法规跟不上市场经济的步伐，与国际惯例、规则也不相适应，所以加紧修改相应的法律法规，建立健全企业信用法律制度已成为必然。 本文由五部分组成，按照“企业信用概述—建立企业信用制度的动因分析—我国企业信用不良的原因分析—欧美企业信用法律制度—建立我国企业信用法律制度的构想”这一思路展开。 第一部分为企业信用概述，首先从信用的概念和法律特征入手，力求准确界定企业信用的概念及其法律属性。这是因为明晰研究目标的内涵，是确保论述内容有的放矢的前提。 第二部分阐述了建立企业信用制度的动因。着重从经济学和法学两个角度对建立企业信用制度的动因进行了剖析，说明了建立企业信用制度的必要性。 第三部分分析了我国企业信用不良的原因。得出现阶段我国企业失信是由政府行为、产权制度、法律和信息等系列制度安排方面存在的种种不足综合造成的，同时也得出了企业失信有着企业自身的主观原因。 第四部分对欧美企业信用法律制度进行了介绍。由于美国和欧洲的信用管理体系比较健全，具有典型性，所以他们的立法经验值得我国借鉴。在这部分中，笔者介绍了欧美国家信用管理相关法律体系和执法机构，并对美国和欧洲企业信用管理法律制度进行了比较分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rectifying the norms and orders of market economy, and building the sane social credit systems of modern market economy, are some of the most important measures of economic construction and economic system reform, which are determined by The Sixteenth Session of the Communist Party of China. Market economy is not only credit economy, but also legalized economy. An enterprise is one of the microcosmic foundations of market economy, and enterprise credit makes up of the important social credit. Therefore, it’s an important way on straightening the market economy, while improving its healthy development, to set up the enterprise credit system, yet which also makes an effective measure on completing. However, the question about our country is facing stern test, and has already been harmful to economy and social development, it is leads to damage enterprise competitiveness and local economy seriously, causes efficiency of the resource distribution lowly, too. After joining the World Trade Organization, credit absence will destroy investment environment and international competitiveness utterly. Meanwhile, some existing laws and regulations in our country cannot catch up with the paces of market economy, do not suit with international practice either. So it is necessary to make adjustments to our present law on enterprise credit, and perfect the legal system of enterprise credit become inevitable.There are five parts in this thesis, and evolves following the clue of "summarization of enterprise credit —reason analysis of establishing enterprise credit — the bad cause of our country’s enterprise credit — the legal system of enterprise credit in Europe and America —the proposition about the legal system of enterprise credit in China."Part one is Summarization of enterprise credit. The thesis starts with conception of credit and legal character, in order to define the conception of enterprise credit and legal attribute accurately. This is because that defining the connotation of更多还原