资源环境约束下中国工业化模式的转换与制度创新

【作者】 白旻；

【导师】 金凤德；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 国际贸易学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 目前中国的工业化进程是人类历史上人口参与规模最大的工业化过程，中国工业化面临巨大的资源约束和环境约束，是发达国家当年不曾遇到过的。有鉴于此，本文要回答两个问题：(1)中国工业化面临的资源和环境约束究竟达到了或将达到什么程度，其根本原因是什么?(2)中国工业化摆脱资源环境约束的根本出路是什么，解决问题的突破口在哪里，应该采取什么措施? 本文认为，中国工业化面临的资源和环境约束是一种存量约束，无论从国内还是从国际来看，现有资源都是难以支撑中国通过传统的工业化模式实现工业化的。传统工业化模式是导致中国工业化受到严重的资源环境约束的根本原因。 本文对传统工业化模式和新型工业化模式的内涵进行了界定，得出了所有不可持续地实现工业化和维系工业化的模式都属于传统工业化模式，所有可持续地实现工业化和维系工业化的模式都属于新型工业化模式的结论，并指出新型工业化并不排斥重化工业化，正确的做法应该是用新型工业化模式指导我国重化工业的发展。由传统工业化模式向新型工业化模式的转换是我国摆脱资源环境约束的根本出路。 本文指出，实现工业化模式的转换，最根本的是要靠技术创新。但技术创新是要靠制度来激励的，从这个意义上讲，制度重于技术，对于正在转型的中国来说，尤其如此。所以，在目前的中国，摆脱资源环境约束的突破口在于制度创新，通过制度创新推动工业化模式的转化。制度创新遵循的基本原则应该是：要让经济行为既符合经济规律，又符合生态规律。中国需要在这一基本原则的指导下，从政府、市场、企业三方面同时推进制度创新，进而催生出有效的技术创新，从而实现工业化模式的转化，从根本上摆脱资源环境约束。更多还原

【Abstract】 The industrializing process in China today is a process that involves the largest population in human history. China’s industrializing process is confronted with the natural resources and environment constraints that the developed countries have never encountered before. In light of the above problems, my research intends to answer the following questions: (l)To what extent has the natural resources and environment constraints reached, or will reach? What is the basic reason for the formation of the constraints?(2)What is the basic outlet for China to get rid of the natural resources and environment constraints? Where is the gateway to solve the problems and what are the methods?This thesis argues that, the natural resources and environment constraints that China faces today is a kind of stock constraints, in both home and abroad view, the existing resources can hardly afford China to realize industrialization through traditional industrialization mode. The traditional industrialization mode accounts for the natural resources and environment constraints in China.This thesis separately discusses the contents of the traditional industrialization mode and the new industrialization mode, then reaches the conclusion that a mode which fails to realize and maintain industrialization process is a traditional industrialization mode while a mode that is sustainable to realize and maintain the industrialization process is a new industrialization mode. The thesis points out that the new industrialization mode doesn’t exclude heavy industry. The right attitude is to use the new industrialization mode to guide heavy industry development in our country. The transformation of industrialization mode is the basic outlet for China to get rid of the natural resources and environment constraints.The thesis points out that the transformation of industrialization mode mainly depends on the technology innovation which must be promoted by the institutional innovation. From this point of view, institution is more important than technology,更多还原