农村公共产品供给体系建设研究

【作者】 朱长新；

【导师】 孙开；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 财政学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是一个农民占多数、农业占重要地位的发展中国家，农业、农村和农民问题事关社会主义经济建设的大局。尽管改革开放20多年来，农村社会经济改革发展取得显著成效，但是，由于各种历史和现实的原因，“三农”问题日益凸显，已经成为制约整个国民经济发展的瓶颈。农村公共产品供给不足，尤其是农村基础设施、农村义务教育和农村社会保障事业发展依然十分落后，县乡财政运转陷入困境。目前我国农村的整体落后与公共产品供给的低水平有着密切的关系，而农村公共产品供给的低水平是由于农村公共产品供给体系的缺失造成的。财政是国家的重要职能部门，是政府宏观调控的重要工具，在农村公共产品供给体系建设上担负着重要使命。因此，从理论和实践的结合上，研究和探讨农村公共产品供给体系建设问题，对于促进农村社会经济健康稳定发展，无疑具有十分重要的现实意义。 由于市场失效的存在以及农业的基础地位，农村公共产品支出一直是世界发达国家公共财政支出的重要内容。从目前国内对这方面的研究来看，一般是从宏观角度对农村公共产品供给制度研究的，也有从微观角度选取一种具体的农村公共产品供给状况进行具体研究的，而本文着重从建立和完善农村公共产品供给体系的角度出发，考虑到当前建设农村公共产品供给体系的重要性，坚持整体与局部分析相结合，从理论和实践的结合上，运用实证分析和规范分析相结合的方法，从农村公共产品及其供给的一般理论分析入手，对当前农村公共产品供给体系建设中尤为重要的农村基础设施、义务教育和社会保障、县乡财政体制现状进行详细阐述，力图做到深入、客观地反映当前农村公共产品供给体系现状，在国外比较与经验借鉴的基础上，结合我国国情，提出建设农村公共产品供给体系的基本思路。文章分为四部分： 第一部分 农村公共产品及其供给的一般理论 阐述了公共产品的基本理论和农村公共产品的相关概念以及农村公共产品供给理论分析。这部分为以下各部分的论述提供了理论基础。 第二部分 农村公共产品供给体系现状分析更多还原

【Abstract】 China is a country with a large population of farmers and also with agriculture occupying the important status. The problems of agriculture, countryside and farmers concern the overall situation of socialist economic construction. Social and economic reform and development in rural areas has made apparent effects since we reformed and opened up to the world 20 years ago. However, Issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers become revealing day by day because of various historical and realistic causes, thus it has been a neck of the development of entire national economy. Rural public goods are in insufficient supply, especially the development of rural infrastructure and rural compulsory education and rural social security are still very backward, county and town finance are running into a difficult position. The overall backward situation of rural areas now is in close relation to the low supplying level of rural public goods, while the low supplying level of rural public goods is the result of the inexistence of rural public goods supply system. Since the finance is an important functional department of the country and also an important tool of governmental macro adjustments and controls, it thus takes charge of the important mission of constructing rural public goods supply system. Therefore, studying and discussing the problem of constructing rural public goods supply system in theory and practice has undoubtedly a very important realistic meaning on promoting the healthy steady development of rural social economy.Because of the existence of market failure and the basic status of agriculture, rural public goods expenditure is always an important content in public finance expenditure of developed countries. Domestic research on this issue is mainly about rural public goods supply system from the macroscopic perspective, and some about the supply condition of one concrete rural public goods from the microscopic perspective. Considering the importance of constructing rural public goods supply system, from the angle of setting up and perfecting the supply system of rural public更多还原