【作者】 赵建红；

【导师】 刘英；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 基础兽医学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文运用管道铸型技术对38例成年牦牛肺的主要管道(肺段支气管、肺动脉、肺静脉和支气管动脉)进行了解剖学研究。首次报导了牦牛肺的肺段支气管、肺动脉、肺静脉和支气管动脉的分支命名和分布特点,以及它们相互之间的位置关系。结果如下:牦牛的肺分为,左肺的尖叶和膈叶,右肺的尖叶、中叶、膈叶和副叶。肺段支气管包括,左肺尖叶的前段支气管和后段支气管,左肺膈叶的前背段支气管、中背段支气管、后背段支气管、腹基段支气管、侧基段支气管和背基段支气管;右肺尖叶的前段支气管和后段支气管,右肺中叶的背段支气管和腹段支气管,右肺膈叶的前背段支气管、中背段支气管、后背段支气管、腹基段支气管、侧基段支气管和背基段支气管,右肺副叶的背段支气管和腹段支气管。肺动脉和肺静脉在肺内的分支和分布范围与肺段支气管的分支和分布范围基本相一致,一般一个肺段支气管有一个肺动脉肺段支和一个肺静脉肺段支相伴随。肺动脉在肺段支气管的背外侧,肺静脉在肺段支气管的腹内侧。牦牛右肺的尖叶接受右尖叶支气管动脉的供血,牦牛的主支气管动脉不分布到右肺尖叶,主要分布到左肺和右肺中叶、膈叶和副叶。支气管动脉主干从胸主动脉腹侧发出,行走到气管分叉处的背侧时,主干分叉进入左、右侧肺内,延续为左、右支气管动脉分支。主干在分出左、右支气管动脉分支前,先发出支气管动脉的左前背侧支和右前背侧支。支气管动脉左前背侧支的分支主要分布到左肺尖叶背部、膈叶前背部的区域,支气管动脉的右前背侧支的分支主要分布到右膈叶前背部的区域。左、右支气管动脉分支沿着同侧支气管主干的腹内侧向肺底部伸延。在伸延途中,向背侧、腹侧、内侧和外侧发出许多分支,分布到邻近的肺组织。每一个肺段支气管一般有2条支气管动脉伴随;多数情况下,其中一条是腹侧支,另一条是背侧支,更多还原

【Abstract】 The anatomy of the lung pipeline system, including the segment bronchi, the pulmonary artery, the pulmonary vein and the bronchial artery, is investigated using injecting and casting corrosion techniques in 38 adult yaks. This paper reports the ramification and denomination, the distributing feautures and the interrelationship of the segment bronchi, the pulmonary artery, the pulmonary vein and the bronchial artery on yak lung. The result is: the lung of yak are composed of the apical lobe and the diaphragmatic lobe of left lung, the apical lobe, the middle lobe, the diaphragmatic lobe and accessory lobe of the right lung. The segment bronchi of left lung includes: cranial segment bronchus and caudal segment bronchus of apical lobe, cranial dorsal segment bronchus, middle dorsal segment bronchus, caudal dorsal segment bronchus, ventral basal segment bronchus, lateral basal segment bronchus of diaphragmatic lobe. The segment bronchi of right lung includes: cranial segment bronchus and caudal segment bronchus of apical lobe, dorsal segment bronchus and ventral segment bronchus of middle lobe, cranial dorsal segment bronchus, middle dorsal segment bronchus, caudal dorsal segment, ventral basal segment bronchus, lateral basal segment bronchus, dorsal basal segment bronchus and medial basal segment bronchus of diaphragmatic lobe, dorsal segment bronchus and ventral segment bronchus of accessory lobe. The intrapulmonary ramification and distribution range of the更多还原