【作者】 韩学平；

【导师】 吴建平；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 动物遗传育种与繁殖， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验选用体重40Kg左右小尾寒羊25只,按单因素随机设计的原理分为5组,1组为对照组,其余4组为试验组,每组5个重复。对照组羊饲喂基础日粮,其余4组在饲喂基础日粮的基础上分别添加40g脂肪当量的油菜籽、油葵、红花籽和胡麻籽。整个试验为期42天。试验结束时将所有试验羊全部屠宰,现场测定肉品质指标,并采集股二头肌以进行羊肉常规营养成分,采集背最长肌、肾脏脂肪、背膘脂肪和尾部脂肪以进行羊肉常规营养成分和脂肪酸组成分析。脂肪酸采用GC/MS (6890N/5973N,Aglilent Technoloties,Willmington,DE,USA)气象色谱-质谱仪进行定量和定性分析。数据采用SPSS10.0软件进行分析,多重比较采用LSD方法。试验结果表明:平均日增重油菜组最高为181.1g。对照组最低为112.0g,油葵组为163.6g,红花组为136.5g,胡麻组为168.2g,各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。采食量:红花组最高为1.32 Kg/只·d,对照组最低为1.25 Kg/只·d,油菜组为1.33 Kg/只·d,油葵组为1.32 Kg/只·d,胡麻组为1.32 Kg/只·d。料肉比:各试验组羊只每增重1Kg消耗饲料(精料和粗料)最高的是油菜组为7.34,对照组最低11.15。经济效益分析结果表明,添加油菜籽、油葵和胡麻籽的试验组利润都比对照组高,油菜组为17.96元/只,对照组为4.26元/只,油葵组为8.74元/只,胡麻组为10.42元/只。红花组没有利润。油菜籽利润比对照组、油葵组和胡麻组分别高3.21倍、1.05倍和0.72倍。肉品质各指标组间没有显著差异(P>0.05)。羊肉常规营养成分结果:水分和干物质含量组间没有显著差异(P>0.05)。粗脂肪含量油菜组和油葵组显著高于对照组和胡麻(P<0.05);粗灰分对照组显著高于油葵组(P<0.05),于其它3组无显著差异(P>0.05);粗蛋白含量油葵组显著高于对照组、红花组和胡麻组(P<0.05),而与油菜组差异不显著(P>0.05)。组脂肪酸分析结果显示:肾脏脂肪和背膘脂肪中短链脂肪酸含量组间没有显著差异(P>0.05),肌肉脂肪中红花组其含量极显著低于对照组和油菜组(P<0.01),尾部脂肪中油菜组短链脂肪酸极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。尾部脂肪中油葵组中链脂肪酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其余各部位脂肪中中链脂肪酸含量组间无显著差异(P>0.05);各部位中链脂肪酸含量组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);长链饱和性脂肪酸更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper,25 Small Tailed Han Sheep adult ewes were randomly allocated to one of 5 groups, one was control group and other 4 groups were experimental groups. 5 groups’animals were supplied different concentrate diet: The control group was fed with basal diet(BD); other 4 groups were fed :1)basal diet +whole canola seed(BDCS);2) basal diet +whole safflowers seed(BDSFS);3) basal diet + whole sunflower seed(BDSNS);4) basal diet+flaxseed(BDFS).When the experiment came to end, all sheep were slaughtered and some indexes about production performance and carcass characteristics were determined. The skeleton muscle was collected in vacuum package for meat nutrition analysis ,and the kedniy fat, tail fat, back fat and longissimus muscle were collected in vacuum package for fatty acid profile analysis. The result shows that dry matter intake increased with addition of oilseed,but there is no siginificant difference among group. And the whole oilseed has almost no influence on carcass characteristics(P>0.05), while some nutritional indexes were altered dominantly(P<0.05).From economic analysis, it can be concluded that the BSCS had the best profit by 17.96 RMB per sheep, while the BDSFS had negative profit. The result of fatty acid profile analysis shows: the percentage of short chain fatty acid of kidney fat and backfat have no significant difference among groups(P>0.05),while the percentage of BDSFS is very dominantly lower than BD and BDCS in muscle(P<0.01),the percentage short chain fatty acid of tail fat in BDCS is dominantly lower thanBD(P<0.05);Only the ratio of the middle chain fatty acid in tail fat is dominantly lower than BD(P<0.05),while the percentage have no obvious difference among groups in muscle,backfat and kidney fat;When it comes to the long chain fatty acid,there is a great difference between BDSFS and other 4 groups(P<0.05),but no significant diviation among group in 3 adipose tissues(P>0.05);As far as the monounsaturated fatty acid is concerned,the percentage have no dominant difference among 5 groups(P>0.05) in 3 adipose tissues,but the percentage of BDSFS is greatly higher than BD and BDSFS in mucle(P<0.01);In backfat,the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acid of BDFS is更多还原