【作者】 王留；

【导师】 陶建平；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 预防兽医学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 鹅球虫病是由寄生于家鹅的多种球虫引起的一种寄生性原虫病,呈世界性分布,感染率较高。目前,有关家鹅球虫病的病原,国外报道有3属16种,国内发现有2属11种。对鹅致病性较强的球虫主要是截形艾美耳球虫(Eimeria truncata)和鹅艾美耳球虫(E.anseris)。国内外关于鹅球虫病的研究主要集中于鹅球虫种类调查方面,绝大多数虫种虽有卵囊形态的描述,但他们的生活史、致病性等生物学特性以及防治尚未完全阐明。为此,我们选择致病性较强的E.anseris作为研究对象,对其生活史、致病性、组织病理学、防治等进行深入研究,旨在为生产中鹅球虫病的防治奠定理论基础。1 Eimeria anseris纯种株的建立及其基本特征采用单种卵囊分离技术建立了E.anseris纯种株,并对其基本生物学特性进行了研究。卵囊呈梨形,一端截平,另一端钝圆。卵囊壁单层,光滑无色或淡黄色,狭窄截平端有卵膜孔。无极粒,外残余体似一块不规则的塞状物,位于卵膜孔的正下方。测量100个卵囊,平均大小为19.37μm×16.06μm,形状指数为1.20。孢子囊卵圆形,斯氏体明显,有内残余体。测量100个孢子囊,平均大小为9.09μm×6.83μm。潜在期为168 h～173 h,显露期为107 h～118 h,最短孢子发育时间为55 h。用不同剂量感染时,E.anseris的繁殖力差异显著(P < 0.05)。2 Eimeria anseris的致病性分析18日龄天山白鹅分别感染3×10~4和0.5×10~4个孢子化卵囊每鹅,以临床症状、肉眼病变、病理组织学变化、平均增重、病变记分和死亡率为观察指标,对E.anseris的致病性进行了研究。结果表明:不同剂量感染引起的临床症状和更多还原

【Abstract】 Coccidiosis in domestic goslings is an important protozoan disease caused by several coccidia worldwide. Currently, 16 species of the family Eimeriidae belonging to 3 genera have been described in the world, and 11 species belonging to 2 genera in China. The pathogenicity of Eimeria truncata and Eimeria anseris is highest among the 16 species. Study on coccidiosis in domestic goslings mostly were focused on surveys of coccidian species, and the life cycles and pathogenicity of many species have rarely been reported. So in the present study, the life cycle, pathogenicity, histopathology and therapy of E anseris in domestic goslings were studied.1 Isolation and Biological Characterization of Eimeria anserisA pure species was isolated and found to be Eimeria anseris (Kotlan, 1932). The oocysts are shaped like a sphere surmounted by a truncate cone; with a smooth, colorless, 1-layered wall; with a residuum and a micropyle; without a polar granule. Oocysts mean 19.37μm×16.06μm., and the shape index is 1.20. The sporocysts are ovoid, with a stieda body, and mean 9.09um×6.83μm. The prepatent period is 168 h～173 h, the patent period is 107 h～118 h, and the minimum sporulation time is 55 h. The difference of reproducibility infected with different dose oocysts was significant(P < 0.05).2 Study on the Pathogenicities of Eimeria anserisTo study the pathogenicities and pathogology, eighteen-day-old Tianshan domestic goslings were infected with 3×10~4 or 0.5×10~4 the oocysts of E.anseris per bird, assessed by clinical symptom, gross pathology, and pathological histology, average weight gain, lesion score and mortality. The results showed that: the clinical symptom and gross pathology were similar in birds infected with different dose oocysts. In all infected groups, the weight gains were significantly different from that of the control group(P < 0.05)and the lesion score were terribly different from that of the control group(P < 0.01). The infections with 3×10~4 and 0.5×10~4 sporulated oocysts per bird caused a mortality of 10 %～30 % and 60 %～90 %, respectively. It showed that E.anseris is markedly pathogenic in domestic goslings.3 Studies on Endogenous Development and Histopathology of E.anseris更多还原