【作者】 蔺海兰；

【导师】 廖建和；

【作者基本信息】 华南热带农业大学 ， 农产品加工及贮藏工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以丙烯酸酯类为原料,采用接枝共聚先自制吸油性能好且吸油速率大的高吸油性树脂,再以天然橡胶为载体,与制备的高吸油性树脂共混,选择合适的增容剂制备吸油性能较好的新型天然橡胶吸油材料。考察了高吸油性树脂的最佳制备工艺、增容剂的最佳制备工艺及其与NR的共混工艺,并分析了高吸油性树脂的含量、增容剂的含量、增容剂种类(NR-g-MAH和NR-g-MMA)及增容剂接枝率的不同对NR吸油材料的吸油能力、力学性能等的影响,并采用红外光谱(FTIR)、热重分析(TG)、动态力学分析(DMA)、及扫描电镜(SEM)对NR吸油材料的结构进行了表征。结果表明:以SMA、BA、St为单体,悬浮聚合法制备的高吸油性树脂对不同油品的吸收能力是:四氯化碳>甲苯>苯>柴油,吸油率最高达到23.61g/g;对油品的保油率可达90%以上;吸油树脂的分解温度为333.7℃,在常温下使用极其稳定。证实了马来酸酐和MMA成功接枝到橡胶大分子上。NR-g-MAH增容吸油材料时得到的产品力学性能和吸油性能均优于NR- g-MMA的;在吸油材料组分配方相同时,增容剂的接枝率增大,吸油材料的力学性能和吸油性能增强;吸油材料的适宜配方为NR/吸油树脂/增容剂=100/10/5;该吸油材料对四氯化碳、甲苯、苯、柴油、机油的一次吸油率分别为:37.48、32.45、29.26、23.06、16.79g/g,吸油后的保油率达到85%以上;对四氯化碳的二次吸油率达到32.18 g/g,材料的重复使用性和保油性均良好。TG分析表明,吸油材料的初始分解温度在原吸油树脂的基础上升高,常温下使用更稳定;SEM分析表明,采用NR- g-MAH为增容剂时,吸油材料的界面分散性较好,说明增容剂有效改善了NR与吸油树脂的相容性; DMA分析进一步证实了试验前期的力学性能的测试结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Oil absorber based on Natural Rubber was prepared by mechanical blending with high oil-absorbable resin and Natural rubber compatibilized by NR-g-MAH or MMA . The high oil-absorbable resin was copolymerized by acrylate and the appropriate bulking agent . The optimal synthetic condition of high oil-absorbable resin and blending technology for natural rubber with high oil-absorbable resin were studied. The effect of high oil-absorbable resin content, compatibilizer content, kinds of compatibilizer (NR-g-MAH and NR-g-MMA) and grafting yeild of compatibilizer were studied. The structure of high oil-absorbable resin and compatibilizer and their blends were characterized by FTIR, TG, DMA and SEM individual.The results have been showed that it is different for oil absorption capacity to different oils in the same high oil-absorbable resin. The most high oil absorption capacity for tetrachloride is 23.61g/g, and the oil retention is more than 90%; the high oil- absorbable resin has excellent stability under 333.7℃. The result of FTIR has been showed that maleic anhydride and methyl methacrylate have grafted onto NR triumphantly. According to mechanical property and oil absorption capacity,the compatibilization of NR-g-MAH is better than NR-g-MMA, the mechanical property and oil absorption capacity of the oil absorber increase with the grafting yeild of the compatibilizer, the optimal ratio among NR, high oil-absorbable resin and compatibilizer in the blends is 100/10/5. The capacities of NR oil absorber are 37.48、32.45、29.26、23.06、16.79g/g for tetrachloride, toluene, benzene, diesel oil and engine oil individual. The oil retention all of the NR oil absorbers is more than 85%, and the second oil absorption capacity reaches to 32.18 g/g.The results of TG show that the thermal stability of NR oil absorber is higher than that of the high oil-absorbing resin. The results of SEM and DMA show that the dispersion of the blends and the interface between NR and high oil-absorbing resin have been improved by compatibilizer NR-g-MAH. No matter how the NR oil absorber blends have been swelling or not the mechanical properties of NR oil absorber (especially 100/10/5) are higher than 25MPa which is good enough to use in seal products.更多还原