【作者】 贾娟；

【导师】 王玉瑾；

【作者基本信息】 山西医科大学 ， 法医学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 目的 1．研究氯胺酮在急性中毒大鼠体内的分布情况。 2．探索氯胺酮在大鼠体内的死后再分布变化规律及温度对氯胺酮的死后再分布的影响。 方法 1．气相色谱／质谱联用（GC／MS）、气相色谱（GC）分析检测方法：血、组织样品中加入内标物SKF_525A后碱化，乙酸乙酯萃取，GC／MS全扫描定性，内标法、工作曲线法气相色谱定量分析。 2．分布与死后再分布研究：实验组大鼠以氯胺酮290mg·kg^-1灌胃，45分钟后缺氧处死，分别置于室温（24℃）和冷藏（4℃）条件下，于死后不同时间（0h、12h、24h、48h）取心血、外周血、肝、肺、肾、心肌、大脑，检测其中氯胺酮的含量；对照组大鼠以生理盐水灌胃，各对应检材为空白对照。 结果 1．从大鼠体内各组织中检出高浓度的氯胺酮，血液中检出的氯胺酮含量较低，各组织与血液比较呈显著性差异（P＜0.01），氯胺酮在大鼠体内的含量分布为：肾＞脑＞肝＞心肌＞肺＞外周血＞心血。 2．室温下，死后48h内随着死亡时间延长，心血、肺、肝中氯胺酮的浓度呈升高趋势（P＜0.05），肾中氯胺酮的浓度先升高后下降（P＜0.05），周围血、心肌和脑中氯胺酮的浓度无显著性变化（P＞0.05）。 3．冷藏时血液及组织中氯胺酮浓度变化无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。 结论 1．氯胺酮广泛分布于大鼠体内组织和血液中，组织脏器中浓度显著高于血液中。 2．氯胺酮在大鼠体内存在死后再分布现象。 3．温度对大鼠死后血液及组织中氯胺酮浓度变化有明显影响。室温下，氯胺酮浓度呈升高趋势，在较低温度下，浓度变化无显著性差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective1 .To study the distribution of ketamine in acute poisoned rats.2.To explore the postmortem redistribution of ketamine in rats and the influence of temperature to postmortem redistribution. Methods1.GC and GC/MS methods are used to analyze and detect the ketamine in rats.The samples of blood and tissues, to which internal standard object(SKF_525A) is added, are alkalified and extracted by ethyl acetate. The extracts are qualitated by GC/MS method and quantitated by internal standard and working curve methods.2.Distribution and postmortem redistribution study: The rats in experimental group are given intragastric administration of ketamine with a dose of 290 mg-kg^-1 ,45 minutes later, they are executed by hypoxia method and then they are preserved at temperatures of 24 ℃ and 4℃. Cardiac blood, peripheral blood, liver, lung, kidney, cardiac muscle and brain are taken out to detect ketamine at different times after death （0h,12h,24h,48h）. Rats in control group are given intragastric administration of physiologic saline, blood and tissues are taken out correspondingly and used as blank check. Results1 .The concentration of ketamine is comparatively higher in tissues and lower in blood.The concentration has significant difference（P<0.01）.The sequence of ketamine content in rats is as follow : kidney > brain> liver> lung > peripheral blood >cardiac blood.2. In 48 hour after rats death, the ketamine content is going up in cardiac blood , lung, liver with time prolonging at temperatures of 24 ℃ （P<0.05 ） , the changing trend of ketamine content is ascending first and then descending in kidney （P<0.05） and no significant change can be seen in peripheral blood, brain and peripheral muscle （P>0.05） .3.There is no significant difference be shown in the change of ketamine content in blood and tissues preservde at 4℃ （P>0.05 ） . Conclusion1 .Ketamine is generally distributed in blood and tissues of rats. Ketamine content in tissues is higher than that in blood.2.Ketamine has distribution and postmortem redistribution in rats.3. Temperature has significant influence on ketamine content in blood and tissues after death in rats, the content changes little at lower temperature.更多还原