【作者】 王文奇；

【导师】 余雄；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 为合理有效的利用我国荷斯坦犊牛资源,本文进行了乳用犊牛培育和肉用犊牛生产两方面的研究。试验一:饲养试验:选用20头荷斯坦母犊,随机分为两组—对照组和试验组,试验组投喂促瘤胃发育胶囊1～2月2粒/天/头,第3月4粒/天/头,饲喂相同精料,以研究促瘤胃发育胶囊对犊牛生产性能的影响。结果表明:促瘤胃发育胶囊对犊牛的苜蓿干草采食量、体重、日增重、饲料转化率以及体尺发育均没有显著性影响(p>0.05)。消化试验:从饲养试验对照组和试验组各选取5头牛,在饲养实验后期进行6天全收粪消化试验,以研究促瘤胃发育胶囊对犊牛饲料养分消化的影响。结果表明:促瘤胃发育胶囊对犊牛干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、半纤维素、纤维素、Ca、P和能量表观消化率分别提高了14.1%、4.8%、1.0%、6.8%、0.1%、16.3%、6.5%和1.7%,差异不显著(p>0.05);显著提高DM的消化量15.5%(p<0.05)、CP的消化量19.9%(p<0.05)和Ca吸收量11.3%(p<0.05)。试验二:选用11头初生重43.05±4.52kg的荷斯坦公犊牛,全乳(0.5gNaCl/kg鲜乳)饲喂生产小白牛肉,以研究在全乳条件下公犊牛生长发育规律和屠宰性能等内容。结果表明:犊牛的1月龄、2月龄、3月龄和4月龄的体重和日增重分别为59.9kg、86.4kg、119.7kg、153.5kg和0.56kg、0.88kg、1.11kg、1.13kg,体重和日增重随着日龄的增加而增加;2月龄期为乳的转化率转折点;体长和胸围的发育速度相当,均高于体高和管围的发育速度,管围在饲养期内发育平稳;犊牛从出生到4月龄其体尺(体长、体高、胸围和管围)与体重之间存在极强的相关关系(R2=0.982,p<0.01);犊牛的屠宰率和净肉率分别为60.0%和45.68%,每头公犊牛可获毛利润3522.5元,经济效益可观。更多还原

【Abstract】 Study on breeding of dairy calves and production of meat calves was studied to use the source of Holstein calves in our country effectively.Experiment 1:Feeding experiment:20 holstein cow calves were divided into two groups—control group and experiment group(1~2 month with two CPRDs/day/head,3 month four with CPRDs/day/head) to study the effect of CPCRD on production performance of calf under the condition of the same concen- trate. Results showed that the effect of CPRD on alfalfa hay intake ,body weight,average daily gain, feed conversion rate and body measurement was not significant (p>0.05).Digestion Experiment:Five calves selected respectively from two groups were used to study the effect of CPRD on digestibility of feed composition of calf by total faces collection for 6 days. Results showed that apparent digestibility of CM,OM,CP,EE,HC,CEL,Ca,P and GE was increased 14.1%(p>0.05),4.8%(p>0.05), 1.0% (p>0.05),6.8%(p>0.05), 0.1% (p>0.05),16.3%(p>0.05),6.5%(p>0.05) and 1.7%(p>0.05),respec- tively.But digestion of CM and CP and absorbability of Ca was increased 15.5%(p<0.05),19.9% (p<0.05) and 11.3%(p<0.05), respectively.Experiment 2:11 Holstein bull calves (birth weight 43.05±4.52kg) were fed with whole milk(added 0.5g salt/kg)to produce white veal to study the growth rhythm and laughter performance in a group pen for 120 days.Study showed that body weight and average daily gain of 1 month ,2 month,3 month and 4month were 59.9kg,86.4kg,119.7kg,153.5kg and 0.56k,0.88kg,1.11kg,1.13kg,respectively,and increased by days;Milk conversion rate of 2 month was turning point;Rate of growth of body length and heart girth were the same and higher than wither height and circumference of cannon bone which growed stably;High correlation of body measurement and body weight was found form 0 to 4 month(R2=0.982,p<0.01);Dressing percentage and neat percentage were 60.0% and 45.68%, respectively.Gross earning of a calf was up to 3,522.5 Yuan,which yielded good economic returns.更多还原