【作者】 刘巧玲；

【导师】 冯大千；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 淡水资源短缺是全球面临的资源问题之一,在城市发展特别是在干旱区城市街道绿化中尤为突出。如何减少土壤水分的无效消耗,提高土壤水分的利用率,形成合理的“缓释”过程,使珍贵的土壤水分在较长时间内满足树木对水分的需要,是当前街道绿化中急需解决的技术问题。基于此,本研究在查阅国内外大量相关研究文献的基础上,分析了环境条件与街道绿化带相似的中国林科院新疆分院院内实验区的土壤结构及养分组成,选取成本低廉、较易获取得的片石、陶粒、沙石、树皮及木格等5种覆盖物覆盖及空白对照,采用常规、定量灌溉,在蒸发量大、树木耗水量高的七、八、九月,分别在树木根系主要分布的20cm、40cm和60cm土层处取土样765份,采用烘干法分析土壤质量含水量,进行不同覆盖物保水效果的试验,通过不同覆盖物下的土壤含水量及其变化,分析了不同覆盖物的保水效果。通过实验分析评价得出供试的覆盖材料的保水效果以陶粒覆盖下的土壤含水量变化量最小、最为稳定,说明陶粒的保水效果最好,然后依次为树皮、片石、木格、沙石。从效益看,5种覆盖物不仅节水增效,且社会效益及从生态效益较为显著。本研究通过对比初步筛选出经济而有效的物理覆盖方法,为城市街道绿化带及其他绿地实施节水灌溉提供技术参考和新思路,研究成果对生产实践具有一定的理论指导作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The scarcity of freshwater is one of the resource problems which the global is facing,also is important in city development, especially in building city street green belt of the aridarea. Therefore, it’s an urgent technique problem that how to reduce inefficacy consumptionof soil water, increase utilization rate of soil water, and form logical“slow release”process,soastosatisfywaterrequirementoftreesfromtheraresoilwaterinlongertime.Inthisstudy,agreat deal ofdomesticandoverseasrelevantliteraturewas reviewed.Andthen experiment of water effects on different mulches was implemented in the pilots of theXinjiangAcademyofForestryScience,theconditionofwhichissimilarwithstreetgreenbelt.InJuly,AugustandSeptember,765soilsampleswerecollectedfromthelayersdistributinginthe main roots of the tree with depth of 20cm, 40cm and 60cm, which under five mulcheswith slip stone, clay aggregate, sand and stone, bark, wooden reseau respectivelyand a blankas control, under the condition of common irrigation and ration irrigation respectively. Thenthe soil structure and nutrient form of the samples were analyzed, and water content of soilsamples were examined through drying method so as to analyze the water saving effects ofdifferentmulches.Experiment results show that the soil water content under the clay aggregate is lowestand most steady among the five mulches, that is, the water saving effect of clay aggregate isbest, and then bark, slip stone, wooden reseau and sand stone in turns. In the point of benefit,the five mulches not only can save water and increase economic benefit, but also haveprominent social and ecological benefit. In this study, economic and effective mulches forwater saving are found out through experiment, which can provide technical reference newthought for water saving irrigation in citystreet green belt and other green belts, and also hassometheoreticguideforpractice.更多还原