【作者】 王有朋；

【导师】 王云普；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 公路交通是促进国民经济发展的重要力量，公路建设的迅猛发展极大地促进了改性沥青及沥青改性工艺的研发与应用。针对国产沥青的特点，降低改性沥青的成本，寻求新的沥青改性剂已成为研究工作者的重大研究课题。本文的研究工作包括两个部分：第一部分：国内外研究进展阐述了国内外的改性沥青研究进展，对沥青的性质和组成作了比较全面地介绍，对几种重要的高分子沥青改性剂作了分类和性能介绍。第二部分：实验及机理讨论1、列出了本文中所需要的实验仪器以及所应用的实验方法和测试方法。2、对坡缕石的有机改性方法作了研究，使用常规法和微波法对进坡缕石进行有机化改性，通过红外光谱分析(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、热重分析(TG)、等分析方法对有机改性进行了表征，结果表明，常规法和微波法都能有效促进离子的交换，但相比而言，微波法有机改性工艺更加简单，改性效果更加明显。3、首次用储量丰富的坡缕石和本实验室研制的有机坡缕石分别复配粉末SBR对沥青进行改性。实验结果表明：软化点显著升高，对低温延度影响很小，针入度有所降低，表明能提高沥青的高温稳定性和抗低温开裂性。RTFOT后的针入度损失小，说明其抗老化性能良好，可以作为高等级公路沥青。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)发现改性后沥青呈波浪形层状结构，另外，通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热重分析(TG)等分析方法对改性沥青进行了表征，探讨了可能的改性机理。坡缕石、有机坡缕石较大的比表面积能增加改性沥青的稳定性。另外，它们可以降低其成本。4、首次使用风化煤复配粉末SBR对沥青进行改性。实验结果表明：沥青的高温性能提高的同时对沥青的低温性能影响不大，同时提高了沥青的抗老化和抗氧化性能，降低了改性沥青成本，可以作为高等级公路沥青。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)透射电子显微镜(TEM)、红外光谱分析(FT-IR)等分析方法对改性沥青进行了表征，探讨了可能的改性机理。认为风化煤中的腐殖酸有较强的吸附和络合能力，能和改性沥青中的某些成分作用，增加改性沥青得稳定性和其它一些性能。本研究课题是甘肃省科技厅定向攻关项目，也是西北师范大学科技创新工程项目。采用微波法合成有机坡缕石、坡缕石和有机坡缕石分别复配粉末SBR改性沥青以及风化煤复配粉末SBR改性沥青未见国内外专利文献报道。更多还原

【Abstract】 Road traffic is important power , which is service for national economy development of society and people’s living, The asphalt road materials development have been droved by the development of highway construction. Reduce the modified asphalt’ cost and explore new modifiers was the important learning of most researchers because of performance of homemade asphalt.Two parts are included in this study:, property and composing of asphalt and the the development background,Part one: Study evolve in domestic and overseasThe general introduction were given about study evolve in domestic and overseas of modified asphalt. The comparative introductions were given about important modifiers’ class and performancePart two: experiment and mechanism discussion1、Experiment apparatus, experiment means and test means were listed in this study.2、The research of synthesis organic palygorskite, use the traditional method and microwave method synthesis organic palygorskite, the result showed the both methods have increasing the ions exchange, The modified asphalt was characterized by FT-IR., SEM, TEM, X-RD and TG, Comparing with the traditional method ,microwave irradiation not only predigesting process but also in shorting the reaction time apparently.3、The road asphalt was modified with powder SBR and palygorskite which reserves abundantly and cheap and organic palygorskite which was industrialization production firstly. The result show: Softening point distinctly increased and penetration decreased. It showed the high temperatures stabilization is improved. Ductility in 5℃increase distinctly. It showed the anti-crack at low temperatures is good. Ratio of penetration loss was little after RTFOT. It showed the performance of anti-aging is good. The modified asphalt may be looked upon materials for highway road. The undee samdwich of the modified asphalt was characterized by SEM. The performance of high and low temperature was improved simultaneity because the materials of modified asphalt had structure of the undee samdwich. The modified asphalt was characterized by TEM, XRD and TG . We discussed the possible mechanism of the modification. The palygorskite and organic palygorskite increasing the stability of modified asphalt because of their high specific surface areas. The cost of the modified asphalt decrease if the road asphalt will be modified with palygorskite and organic palygorskite4、The road asphalt was modified with powder SBR and airslake-coal which was industrialization production firstly. The result show: Softening point distinctly increased and the high temperatures stabilization is improved. It showed the performance of anti-aging and anti-oxidation were good. The modified asphalt may be looked upon materials for highway road. The modified asphalt was characterized by FT-IR, and SEM . We discussed the possible mechanism of the modification, we believed that fulvic acid have better capability of adsorption and netting, the fulvic acid acted with some substances of asphalt, increased the stability and some other performances of modified asphalt,The science and the Technology Commission of Gansu Province and the NWNU—KJCXGC-03 of Northwest Normal University, supported this work. We referred to lots of literatures, it was not reported that the base asphalt with the palygorskite , organic palygorskite, airslake-coal and powder SBR blend was modified respectively.更多还原