【作者】 杨华；

【导师】 刘建丽；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 中国古代史， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 家训是我国古代家庭教育特有的一种文献形式。家训在历史上又称为庭训、庭诰、家戒、家规和家法等，主要指父祖辈对子孙，家长对家人，族长对族人的训诫教诲；此外也有夫妻间的嘱托，兄弟姐妹间的诫勉。中国家训源远流长，最早可追溯到上古尧舜时期。历代都有杰作问世，颜之推的《颜氏家训》的出现，使传统家训从内容到形式都得到了质的飞跃，真正开启了后世家训的先河。到了宋代，由于造纸术、印刷术的改进和普及等原因，传统家训得到了空前的发展。目前见于记载的宋代家训文献，主要是同居共财的士家大族遗留的一些作品，如司马光的《家范》，赵鼎的《家训笔录》，袁采的《袁氏世范》，叶梦德的《石林家训》等，这些作品主要侧重对子弟进行修身养性、为人处世等伦理教育。当然受当时商品经济的影响，宋代家训中也出现了不少经济方面的内容；有的家训勾勒出了同居共财大家庭的完整的家政管理体系，即家长具有权力中心，家族成员和干人在其领导下，分掌管理具体事务。有的家训为防止子弟破败家产，提出了许多有益的治家理念，比如量入为出的理念，节俭的理念，经商的理念，土地和地租的理念等。总之，研究宋代家训对我们今天的教育思想和教育方法都有借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Jiaxun(family instructions),also called tingxun, tinggao, jiajie, jiagui, jiafa, belongs to specific historical documents about for family education . It reflects that the ancestors instruct or admonish their descendants how to manage the family and adapt to the society. It also reflects entrustments between husband and wife, commandments between brothers and sisters.The history of jiaxun went back to ancient time. Each dynasty had some representative works. Jiaxun get great development when the emergence of the Yanshijiaxun which written by Yan Zhitui of Northern Qi Dynasty. As a result of the improvement and popularization of papermaking technology and printing, the jiaxun culture went into a new period in Song Dynasty.The present jiaxun documents largely left over by ancient big family lived together and owed common property, such as Jiafan written by Si Maguang, Jiaxunbilu written by Zhao Ding, Yuanshishifan written by Yuan Cai, Shilinjiaxun written by Ye Mengde, and so on. Those works put particular emphasis on cultivate descendants’ moral character, behavior and conducting. Since the influence of commodity, the economic business is a large part of content of Song Dynasty jiaxun. Some jiaxun sketch the contours of domestic business management system, namely patriarch is the centre of authority. household members and Ganren, leaded by patriarch, managed particular business. While another jiaxun lodged a great deal of regulate family ideas preventing the ruined of family. Such as adjust one’s expense to one’s income, frugality, engage in trade, land leasing and rental.In a word, the study on Song Dynasty jiaxun has great important for our educational ideas and method of today’s.更多还原