【作者】 沈娟；

【导师】 魏新民；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 学前教育学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 当今世界各国课程评价改革的趋势越来越向着人文关怀的方向发展，我国2001年颁布的《幼儿园教育指导纲要(试行)》中提到的评价理念和这种发展趋势是一样的。对幼儿的评价是学前教育工作的重要组成部分，对幼儿的评价有两类：一类是对幼儿发展情况的正式评价；另一类是教师在与幼儿日常接触、互动过程中即时、即地、即兴的非正式评价。教师的非正式评价对幼儿的认知、情感和社会性的发展都具有重要影响，但在幼儿园教育教学活动中教师往往忽略非正式评价行为对幼儿发展的影响，教育理论工作者也缺少对教师非正式评价行为的系统研究。研究者试图从教师的言语评价行为和非言语评价行为来了解幼儿教师的非正式评价行为，研究对象选取的是两所一级一类幼儿园五位大班幼儿教师，研究者深入到幼儿园一日生活中借助自己设计的观察记录表参与观察教师的言语和非言语评价行为，发现当前幼儿教师的非正式评价行为存在如下问题：评价方式传统；评价层次较低；评价缺乏激励性；评价不公平以及评价不恰当。并对这些问题从教师的刻板印象、个性、知识系统、社会规范意识、价值观念体系以及教师当时所处的评价情境进行分析。针对以上问题对幼儿教师提出以下建议：在思想上要重视非正式评价行为对幼儿身心发展的影响；要树立正确的儿童观与评价观，要在观察了解幼儿的基础上正确认识幼儿成长中的错误；评价要有发展性和激励性；表扬、批评、惩罚要适度；评价要有差别性；评价要客观公正；以及活动后，加强反思，加强学习。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays. The trend of the international curriculum evaluation is developing more and more humanities concern, on 2001 our country promulgated the kindergarten education outline which evaluation theory for speaking of is similar to this kind of development trend. To evaluate infant is the important part of the preschool work. It has two types about infant’s evaluation: one type is formal assessment that for infants’ development, another one is the teacher instant in with infant usually get in touch with transaction process, namely, impromptu of informal assessment .The teachers’ informal assessments all have the important influence to the cognition, emotion and social development of the infant, but the teacher usually neglects the informal assessment acts to the influence that the infant’s development in the kindergarten’s education activities, and the systematic research for this can’t even be found in the educational theory field.The researcher try to understand the teacher’s informal assessment through the teacher’s speech evaluation acts and non-speeches what researcher object selects by examinations is five teachers in an infant park of two per class, the researcher go deep into the life of kindergarten to ask for helping the observation record of design by myself participate in observation the speech and the non-speech acts, finding the informal assessment acts of the current infant teacher have as follow questions: the way of evaluation is traditional ;the layer low of the evaluation ;the evaluation is lack of encouragement; unfair and not fitting. These problems are analyzed from: teachers’ stereotype effect to infant, personal character, knowledge, the sense of social standardization, the idea of value and evaluation situation. Aim at the above questions put forward the teacher suggestions : that teacher should pay attention to the value the influence of the informal evaluation acts upon the infant mind and body development on the thought; To set up child’s view and the evaluation view of the exactitude; want that the exactitude knows the mistake within the infant growth above the observation; that the evaluation should have: development and encouragement; difference;objective; justice; praise, criticism, punishment should be moderately and use of diverse evaluation method;And enhancing reflction and study after instruction.更多还原