【作者】 宋慧平；

【导师】 孙之南；

【作者基本信息】 天津科技大学 ， 化学工艺， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 硬脂酸是一种非常重要的基础化工原料,在橡胶、塑料、造纸、纺织、食品和制药等工业部门都有极为广泛的应用。硬脂酸生产中最重要的步骤是脂肪酸加氢,而加氢催化剂是该过程中的核心要素。 对于脂肪酸加氢催化剂,国内外已进行了大量的研究。目前国际上主要倾向于研究负载型镍催化剂,这类催化剂经济实用,具有很好的应用价值。 国内研制的脂肪酸加氢催化剂的性能不够理想,至今仍无工业化产品。硬脂酸生产企业只能依赖进口催化剂,致使生产成本一直居高不下。因此,研制高活性的国产工业加氢催化剂具有重要的意义。 本课题的研究目标是开发一种用于脂肪酸加氢的高效低廉的负载型镍催化剂,制备工艺简单,在加氢活性上达到或超过目前国际同类催化剂水平,质量稳定,氢化反应后易于从硬脂酸产品中分离,实现脂肪酸加氢催化剂的国产化。 该研究选用Ni（NO₃）₂·6H₂O,Na₂CO₃为原料,采用沉淀法,通过正交试验分析确定了负载型加氢镍催化剂的最佳制备条件;系统研究了制备过程中物料特性及制备工艺条件对催化剂性能的影响规律;采用目前催化剂的评价测试环节比较先进的仪器设备分析了加氢镍催化剂和载体的表观性质。 本实验取得了比较满意的结果。在最佳条件下制备出的加氢镍催化剂JHcat-01,活性高,稳定性好,使用量低。特别是当催化剂用量为0.2%时,加氢后的碘值可降到0.21,碘值降低率可达99.03%,同比活性优于进口产品Pricat9932。另外JHcat-01产品粒度大,更易于从加氢后的硬脂酸产品中过滤分离,对产品不产生污染。选用的JHsup-01型Al₂O₃载体具有固定的物性参数,使催化剂的制备具有很好的重复性,易于实现工业化生产。更多还原

【Abstract】 Stearic acid is one kind of important raw material for chemical industry, widely used in many industries such as rubber, plastic, textile and pharmacy industries. Hydrogenation of fatty acid is a significant process in preparing stearic acid, and the catalyst is the key element in hydrogenation.Much research has done in the field of hydrogenation catalyst for fatty acid both at home and aboard. Nowadays, the mainstream of research in this field is supported nickel catalyst, for it is economical and useful and has bright future.There is heretofore still no ideal native hydrogenation catalyst for fatty acid. The manufactures of stearic acid must use imported products, which make the cost of stearic acid very high. Therefore, it is a matter of great significance to research native hydrogenation catalyst with high activity.The goal of my research is to develop one kind of supported nickel catalyst with high activity, low cost, and simplified process of preparation.In this experiment, Ni（NO₃）₂·6H₂O and Na₂CO₃ were used as materials. Through orthogonal method, the best conditions of preparation were obtained by precipitation process, and the principles and relationships between preparation conditions and the quality of catalyst were discussed. Moreover, the structure characters of catalyst were detected under the help of advanced instruments.JHcat-01 prepared in best conditions was a satisfaction. Its activity and stability were high. Especially, when the ratio of catalyst and fatty acid was 0.2%, the I.V was still 0.21, and the reduced I.V rate reach 99.03%, which is better than imported catalyst such as pricat9932. The dimension of its particulates is so large that Jhcat-01 is easy to be separated from hydrogenated products, and leave no pollution in products. What’s more, the big-pored Al₂O₃ supporter has stable parameters, so it is easy to achieve the repetition of preparation, which is propitious to reach its industrialization.更多还原