【作者】 陈晔；

【导师】 陈建华；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 采矿工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 异极矿是主要的氧化锌矿物之一，由于异极矿结构复杂，表面性质多变，矿石组成多样，被认为是极难回收的矿种。本文通过纯矿物浮选试验和实际矿石浮选，研究了不同结构和碳链长度的胺类捕收剂对异极矿浮选行为的影响，通过溶液化学计算、热力学计算以及红外光谱测试等方法和手段研究了胺类捕收剂与矿物表面的作用机理以及硫化钠活化机理。研究结果对于异极矿氧化锌浮选机理和新工艺的开发具有重要的指导意义和学术价值。 本文考察了矿浆pH对异极矿、石英、白云石和褐铁矿四种单矿物可浮性的影响，在pH为9～11的条件下，异极矿的浮选回收率最高，有利于异极矿与石英、白云石和褐铁矿的分离。胺的分子结构研究表明随着碳原子数量的增多，胺对异极矿的捕收能力也随之加强，同时胺的选择性也越来越好，选择性大小顺序为：十八伯胺＞十六伯胺＞十四伯胺＞十二伯胺。硫化钠对异极矿具有明显的活化效果，在pH9～11时硫化钠活化效果最好。硫化钠和氢氧化钠联合使用能够强化异极矿的活化效果。不同粒级的褐铁矿矿泥对异极矿浮选的影响研究表明异极矿回收率随矿泥含量增加而下降，矿泥粒度越小，对异极矿回收率影响越大，-7μm矿泥对异极矿回收率影响比-11μm显著。 在纯矿物浮选试验基础上进行了高铁异极矿氧化锌矿石的浮选试验。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hemimorphite is one of main oxidized zinc minerals, which is very difficult to recove due to its complex structure, varied surface characteristics and components. The paper researched the effect of amine collectors with different structures and length of carbon-chain on flotation behaviors of hemimorphite by means of single minerals and ores flotation experiments. The mechanism of amine collectors interacting with hemimorphite and the activation mechanism of sodium sulphide are discussed by means of solution chemistry calculation, thermodynamics and tests of infrared spectroscopy. The results have very important significance for developing new technology of hemimorphite oxidized zinc flotation and the study of the mechanism.The paper tested the effects of pH values on the floatability of hemimorphite, quartz, dolomite and limonite. The results showed that when solution pH is between 9—11, there was the best recovery of hemimorphite which favored for separating hemimorphite from other three gangue minerals. Researches on the molecule structure of amines suggested that with the increase of carbon atoms the更多还原