【作者】 申俊；

【导师】 江渡；

【作者基本信息】 大连交通大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 面对老龄社会的来临，将会有越来越多的行动不便的老人使用轮椅。那些长时间坐在轮椅上的老年轮椅用户，往往随着使用时间的持续就会产生疲劳和不适感。因此，研究适合老年人需要的舒适性轮椅将成为轮椅研究领域的一个重要任务。然而调查发现，目前专门针对老年人轮椅的舒适性方面国内还没有人进行过研究。正是基于此，本课题结合老年人的身体结构特征，主要依据轮椅舒适性设计相关理论，综合应用计算机辅助工程的设计方法，从静态舒适性和轻量化方面进行研究。 本论文基于人机工程学原理，首先根据老年人的人体测量数据，进行轮椅的主要外形尺寸的概念设计。然后研究了老年人坐姿状态下的舒适性生理特征，并根据舒适坐姿体压分布和脊柱的结构特点，研究舒适性坐垫和靠背曲面设计方法。最后应用PRO／E建立轮椅三维模型，把PRO／E模型导入I-DEAS，完成对坐垫和轮椅车架建立几何模型、划分网格、施加边界条件的有限元建模过程，再进行坐垫和车架有限元分析，通过在后处理模块中观察计算结果，得出其应力分布情况，在此基础上对轮椅车架进行轻量化改进。本论文静态舒适性研究部分，通过分析老年人轮椅静态特性参数对用户疲劳反应的影响，为轮椅静态舒适性的评估奠定了基础。同时有限元分析部分为相关工程实践提供了有效的检验手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 In face of the incoming society of the aged, more and more elders in inconvenient action will use wheelchair. Those aged wheelchair users sitting in wheelchair continuously usually feel tired and uncomfortable along with lasting using wheelchair. To research comfortable wheelchair fitting in with elders will become an important task in the field of wheelchair research. However, investigation indicates that at the present time there is no research specially aiming at the wheelchair comfort of the aged at home. Therefore, considering the body and configuration characteristics of the aged and according to related theories of wheelchair comfort, this project applies synthetically the Computer-aided design methods to researching the wheelchair comfort in static state and lightening.Based on ergonomics, this thesis firstly decides the main shape dimension of wheelchair during concept design according to the anthropometry data of the aged. And then we study the comfort physiology gesture when the aged is sitting in wheelchair. Comfort cushion and backrest surface is discussed by pressure distributing and human spine characteristic. At last PRO/E is used to create three-dimension model of wheelchair, and then the PRO/E model of wheelchair is imported into I-DEAS. I-DEAS software completes the work of modeling, meshing, applying boundary condition of cushion and wheelchair framework. Through observing the result in post processing model, this paper gets the stress distributing of cushion and wheelchair. Based on this, the lightening improving of wheelchair framework is completed. In this paper, static state comfort research, which analyzes the fatigue responding by changing the static state characteristic parameters of elder wheelchair, provides foundation for static state comfort evaluation of wheelchair. At the same time the finite element analysis provides useful validating method for related engineering.更多还原