论国际商事仲裁协议效力的认定

【作者】 孔云龙；

【导师】 强昌文；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 法律， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国际经济交往的不断发展，仲裁已逐渐发展成为解决国际商事纠纷的主要手段。 国际商事仲裁协议则是国际商事仲裁的前提，它是双方当事人合意将他们之间已经发生或者将来可能发生的国际商事争议交付仲裁解决的一种书面协议。没有有效的商事仲裁协议，就不存在国际商事仲裁；一项合法有效的商事仲裁协议，既是仲裁庭行使管辖权的依据，又是仲裁裁决具有执行效力的法律基础。 由于一项国际商事仲裁协议总是会有多个不同的连接因素，从而会涉及到不同国家的法律。因此，当事人之间因仲裁协议的效力发生争议时，就涉及到应由哪个主体?按照什么原则?适用什么法律认定其效力问题?因为适用不同国家的法律对仲裁条款做出解释，将会得出不同的结论。 国际商事仲裁协议的法律适用不仅是一项重要的理论问题，更是国际商事仲裁实践中必须予以解决的问题。可以说，国际商事仲裁协议的法律适用的中心问题便是解决仲裁协议的效力问题。 按照传统的理论和实践，法院是认定仲裁协议效力的惟一主体，但是随着自裁管辖学说的流行并为各国所普遍接受。当今国际上普遍承认法院和仲裁庭有权对仲裁协议的效力做出认定。但是，我国的做法与国际上的做法不同。我国仲裁法规定，由仲裁委员会来认定仲裁协议的效力。笔者认为，由仲裁委员会认定仲裁协议效力的做法不妥，不利我国仲裁事业的健康发展。 一般来说，尊重当事人仲裁意愿的原则、仲裁管辖权优先原则和法院监督原则是认定国际商事仲裁协议效力的基本原则。在国际商事仲裁实践中，尊重当事人仲裁意愿的原则应当是首要的原则；仲裁管辖权优先原则是法院与仲裁庭就管辖权发生冲突时，法院和仲裁庭应当遵守的原则；尊重当事人的仲裁意愿是法院的一项义务，但当事人的这种意愿必须受到控制。仲裁制度确立法院监督原则不仅是为了保护双方当事人的合法权益，更是为了维护国家的主权。 由于目前还没有一个有效的国际公约来解决国际商事仲裁协议的效力和仲裁管辖权问题。所以，国际商事仲裁协议效力的法律适用则是认定国际商事仲更多还原

【Abstract】 With the constant development of the international economic association, arbitration already develops into the main means to solve international commercial disputes gradually. The international arbitral agreement of commercial affairs is prerequisite of international commercial arbitration.The international arbitral agreement of commercial affairs is one kind of written agreement which will is arbitrated by arbitration courts when the international commercial dispute occurs. If an international arbitral agreement of commercial affairs is illegal, international commercial arbitration does not exist; A legal commercial: arbitral agreement is the basis that the arbitration court exercises jurisdiction, and legal foundation which the arbitral award can carried out effectively.Because an international arbitral agreement of commercial affairs always includes a lot of different connection factors, thus it involves the laws of different countries. While disputing about the legitimacy of the arbitral agreement between both parties, the questions involved are that which subject have right to assert its legitimacy according to what principle and which law. Because the law of different countries is used to make explanations to an arbitral agreement, different conclusions will be drawed.The law application of the international arbitral agreement of commercial affairs is not only an important theoretical question, but also a problem that must be solved in the international commercial arbitration practice. We can say, the legal problem of solving the arbitral agreement is the central issue of law application of the international arbitral agreement of commercial affairs.According to the traditional theory and practice, the court is the only subject that have right to assert the legitimacy of the arbitral agreement But with the prevalence of the doctrine of competence and competence, and it is being accepted by various countries. Nowadays acknowledged generally, the court and arbitration court both have the right to assert the legitimacy of the arbitral agreement in the world. But the method of our country is different from method of other countries in the world.更多还原