【作者】 张琳琳；

【导师】 钟金洪；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 社会学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 农村人大量外出到城市和发达地区经商务工，是近年社会科学研究的关注题目之一。按照社会学的理解，农民工流动不仅仅是劳动力的流动、人口的流动，同时是一种社会流动，包含了地域流动，职业流动和阶层流动三个方面。社会学界对人口流动的相关研究主要集中于我国社会地域流动的基本趋势，也就是从西部到中部再到东部的区域流动，也被称之为社会流动的“主流”。这一趋势的形成源于我国各地区经济社会发展的不平衡。主要体现在地理位置、自然资源、劳动力素质和物质技术条件等方面的重大差异。从大的方面来说，全国存在着东部、中部和西部之间发展水平的梯度格局。根据社会流动的一般规律，正是社会水平的位差导致了社会流动，位差越大，流动的力量就越大，而且社会流动的方向是从水平低的位置流向水平高的位置。从社会地域的流动来看，正是各地区之间的社会经济水平差距引起了地区之间的社会流动。 但本人家庭所在地，新疆乌鲁木齐市，在地域上属于我国西部地区，但常年有来自中部的大量农民工流入，这种迁移既不属于中国社会地域流动的“主流”，亦不同于历史上的行政指令性迁移，有其奇特之处。本文研究的对象即为在新疆乌鲁木齐市从业的安徽籍农民工，他们的流动类型可以归结为地域流动基本趋势之外的流动模式，即伴随着从中部到东部主流趋势的从中部到西部的“支流”。这种流动方向相对于“孔雀东南飞”来说呈现显著的“反向流动”，笔者命之为“逆流动”，即从中部到西部的流动。 哪些因素合力促使这些农民工选择流向地域如此偏远且经济总体发展水平欠发达的西部?“逆流动”何以成立?笔者期望对这些问题进行合理的解释或给予验证。在分析产生逆流动的原因之后，笔者亦对这种流动的影响进行了总结并提出了自己的想法与见解，以期对现有的理论进行可能的补充及对“逆流动”的理论进行尝试性的探索。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is a broad country. Quite differences existed among different regions in geography, natural resources, labour force and technological conditions cause to unbalance in development of economy and society. Generally speaking, there are gradient patterns from east region to middle to west of the whole country. Social mobility was very induced by horizontal difference in terms of common rule . The greater potential difference, the greater power of flowing will have. Meanwhile , the direction of mobility associated with social horizon is from high to low . Just due to social and economic gap among the individual regions breeds such flow from the aspect of social regions’ mobility. Therefore, the gap brings to the basic current of social regions’ mobility , flowing from westward to middle parts then to eastward. But when comes to the farmer’s mobility, there still is a branch influenced and drived by population, ground, employment idea other than the main stream.The paper researchs the Anhui-born farmers working in Urumqi of Xinjiang autonomous region. The types of mobility that is a branch from middle to west going with the main stream from middle to east could be summed up into special flow mode other than the basic current of region mobility.This paper attempts to explain the cause of the phenomenon that farmers in Anhui province flow to Xinjiang autonomous region in which general economical level lower than the central of China by investigating and interviewing some representative farmers. Meanwhile ,the paper also draw the conclusion after analyzing the kinds of reasons ,looking forward to making up possiblly the current theory related to the mobility.更多还原