中国非市场经济地位法律问题研究

【作者】 郭强；

【导师】 孙新强； 李春林；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 法律， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 自从加入WTO以来，中国在国际贸易领域中所遭受的反倾销诉讼不降反升。就在刚刚过去的2005年，我国就遭遇了反倾销浪潮的袭击。在我国企业应对反倾销诉讼过程当中，非市场经济国家条款是制约我国企业胜诉的一个瓶颈。由于西方诸国一直将我国视为非市场经济国家，因而在反倾销诉讼中西方国家对中国出口产品适用替代国制度来确定我国产品的正常价值。替代国制度严重违背了国际贸易的公平原则与非歧视待遇原则，其制度本身也具有极大的不合理性。替代国制度无视我国社会主义市场经济现代化建设的巨大成就，给中国企业造成了严重损害，已成为阻碍中国发展国际贸易，进而和平崛起的巨大障碍，并严重影响了我国的国际形象。 近来有一种论调，认为我国因反倾销应对失利所遭受的损失与中国庞大的对外贸易额相比较而言简直是微不足道，因而没有必要大惊小怪，甚至也无必要全力去争取市场经济地位。这一观点还认为，正是由于我国的非市场经济地位才使得我国可以免遭反补贴调查的威胁。对于这一论调，笔者不敢苟同，同时也促使笔者深刻感受到对这一课题进行深入研究的必要性。 本文采取综合论述与比较分析相结合的方法，同时结合国内外最新的研究成果，详细介绍了非市场经济地位问题的来龙去脉，分析了这一问题的实质及其对我国国际贸易的影响，并结合欧美国家的法学理论与实践在反倾销与反补贴领域对这一问题展开了探讨。通过对这两个领域的对比分析，作者得出自己的结论：我国应争取市场经济地位。全文共分四章：第一章主要是对非市场经济地位问题的理论性分析。在这一章中，笔者分析了非市场经济地位问题的含义、来龙去脉、实质及其影响。第二章，笔者结合美国和欧共体反倾销法的理论和实践主要探讨了非市场经济地位问题在反倾销领域的表现。第三章，鉴于国内外学者对这一课题研究的重点大都放在反倾销领域中，对于反补贴领域中的非市场经济地位问题探讨的不多，笔者在本章中重点探讨了反补贴调查及措施对非市场经济国家的适用性问题。第四章，笔者对我国争取完全市场经济地位的现状及现行策略进行了评析，指明了争取市场经济地位的必要性，并提出了自己的对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Contrary to our expectations, anti-dumping cases against China have been increasing sharply since China’s entering WTO. Just in the past 2005 year, China was attacked by tides of anti-dumping sues. In defending the accusations, the non-market economy status has caused a real bottleneck to Chinese enterprises. Labeling China as a non-market economy country, western countries have long been applying surrogate country approach to determine the normal value of Chinese goods. The surrogate country approach violates the basic doctrines of justice and non-discrimination of international trade law, and the approach itself is unreasonable. Disregarding the great achievements of China’s constructing modern socialist market economy, the surrogate country approach, which caused serious damages to Chinese enterprises and even China’s international image, has greatly hindered the development of the international trade and peaceful ascendancy of China.Recently, some scholars argued that in contrast to the great trade volume of our country, the loss in our anti-dumping accusations is too minor to be mentioned, so there is no need surprising at it and it is also unnecessary to strive for market economy status. They also believe that it is the non-market economy status that frees China from the threat of countervailing investigations. However, the author does not agree on it and feels it necessary to study this subject further.Adopting the synthetic method and the comparative analysis method and utilizing the latest research findings, the author expands on the cause and effect of the non-market economy problem and discusses this problem in anti-dumping and countervailing fields.The thesis consists of four chapters: the 1st chapter introduces the definition, origin, essence and effect of this problem; the 2nd chapter explores its influence in anti-dumping area with the help of theories and practice in anti-dumping area of U.S. A and E.U; considering the inadequate research of the non-market problem in countervailing area, the 3rd chapter explores the applicability of countervailing measures on non-market economy countries.; By commenting and analyzing the present situation and strategies in our striving for complete更多还原