含碱工业废弃物煅烧及固硫反应动力学特性研究

【作者】 田园；

【导师】 路春美；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 热能工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 目前，我国潜在的煤炭资源和燃煤发电的经济性决定了煤炭在能源消费中仍占据主导地位，由此造成的燃煤污染一直是我国环境污染的重点，其中控制含硫污染物的排放是治理燃煤污染的一项重要内容。大量工业废弃物堆积排放，污染周边环境，如果能够利用其脱硫，不仅可以减少废弃物堆积造成的环境污染，而且能达到以废治污的目的，环境保护和经济效益非常可观。本文正是基于此考虑，对部分工业废弃物用于燃煤固硫的煅烧和固硫反应动力学特性进行了系统研究。 首先，本文利用热重分析仪对白泥、电石渣、碱渣和盐泥4种工业废弃物及淄博石灰石进行煅烧实验研究，分析其煅烧反应动力学参数——活化能E，并通过分析煅烧实验的数据，预测4种工业废弃物的固硫性能。研究结果表明，废弃物的煅烧分解温度区间比石灰石大，使得废弃物在不同反应温度下固硫时其有效离子利用率相对较大，取得更好的固硫效果。白泥和电石渣有着相似的煅烧反应动力学特性，煅烧反应的活化能都随着煅烧度的增加而减小，碱渣和盐泥的煅烧反应动力学特性相似，煅烧反应活化能随着煅烧度的增加而增大。由此可以推测，白泥、电石渣具有类似的固硫反应动力学特性，盐泥和碱渣的固硫反应动力学特性相似。 其次，本文利用等效粒子模型研究4种工业废弃物和淄博石灰石的固硫反应动力学特性，计算并分析了动力学参数——活化能E、表面化学反应速率常数k和产物层扩散系数Ds。结合固硫剂的固硫反应温度特性，综合分析其固硫性能。研究结果表明，无论在表面化学反应控制阶段还是在产物层扩散控制阶段，等效粒子模型都能很好地描述工业废弃物和淄博石灰石的固硫反应过程。废弃物中含有较多的碱金属氧化物，明显提高了固硫反应的化学反应速率常数和产物层的有效扩散系数。综合分析动力学参数k、D_s、E_a、E_p及温度特性曲线得出，白泥和电石渣具有相似的固硫反应特性，碱渣与盐泥的固硫反应特性相似；电石渣和白泥的固硫效果较好，盐泥次之，石灰石较差，碱渣更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, coal has a dominant position in the energy consumption structure due to the abundant output and reserves, and the economy of coal-fired electricity generation. Hence, coal combustion has always been a main contributor to our national environmental pollution, and emission controlling of the sulfur oxides is an important item to curb the increasing pollution. Accumulation of plenty industrial wastes is polluting our environment. If these wastes are used to desulfur, we can not only reduce the wastes accumulation, but also achieve an object of removing pollution by wastes, through which we can also get considerable economic and environmental benefits. Based on this consideration, several sorts of industrial wastes calcination and desulfurization kinetic characteristics are studied roundly in this thesis.First of all, calcination experimental study on the white clay, carbide slag, alkali slag, salt slurry and Zibo limestone is done by means of thermogravimetric apparatus, and calculate their kinetic parameter-activation energy E. Four sorts of industrial wastes’ desulfurization capability are forecast by analyzing these experimental data. The results show that calcination decomposition temperature ranges of the industrial wastes are bigger than that of the limestone, which leads to the outcome that effective ion amount of the industrial wastes is larger than that of the limestone at different reaction temperature, and desulfurization effects of the industrial wastes are better than that of the limestone. White clay and carbide slag have similar calcination kinetic characteristics, whose calcination activation energies decrease as calcination degree grows. Alkali slag and salt slurry also have similar calcination kinetic characteristics, whose calcination activation energies increase as calcination degree grows. From these research results, we can更多还原