【作者】 纪霞；

【导师】 殷永泉；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是世界贫水国之一，用水人口的增加、城市化水平的提高以及传统的线性经济发展模式导致了严重的水资源短缺和水环境污染，这些水环境问题已明显制约了国家和城市国民经济发展和人民生活水平的提高。城市作为人类聚集地，其发展依赖于区域水环境的协调发展，因此，研究并建立城市水资源循环利用模式对合理利用城市区域水资源、形成水资源良性循环、实现城市区域的污水“零排放”和水环境的可持续发展具有一定的理论价值和现实意义。 本文在分析国内外有关城市水循环模式研究现状的基础上，系统地研究了城市水循环模式的内涵，建立了城市需水量预测模型，构建了体现循环经济理念的城市水环境指标体系。从“个体、群落、系统”三个层次，对城市区域用水单元进行剖析和整合，综合考虑节水工艺、污水治理、城市中水回用、雨水综合利用、废水循环以及水分配网络等方面，逐步建立微观循环、中观循环、宏观循环的城市水环境循环模式，着力于减少新鲜水使用量和实现区域污水的“零排放”；为了更好地保证城市水循环模式的实施，本文综合考虑决策理念、法规政策、体制改革、技术方法、信息管理等多方面因素，建立了一整套系统的、完整的、多层次的、动态的、可操作性强的城市水环境保障体系；根据市场机制的作用以及水环境与经济的互补互动、共生共利关系，建立了水环境效益分析模型，用来综合评价水环境循环模式的经济效益、社会效益、环境效益等。 论文以南水北调沿线城市——肥城市为例，综合分析了肥城市供水、用水、节水现状情况，评价了城市节水现状及节水潜力，分析了城市用水规律及其主要影响因素。采用水资源弹性系数预测模型定量地给出了肥城市各规划年的总需水量，为合理有效地制定城市节约用水规划提供了可供参考的理论依据。依据城市总体规划中提出的可供水量进行了城市水资源的供需平衡分析，从城市水资源的特点及水循环的规律出发，用系统的、辩证的方法将城市供水、节水、中水回用、雨水资源化和水污染防治作为一个有机整体来研究，综合考虑农业、工业、生活和生态等方面的用水，分别从个体、群落、系统三个层面提出了肥城市的水资源循环利用模式，以实现肥城市区域水资源的综合利用和废水“零排放”的目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is one of the poor watery regions in the world. The increasing population, the urbanization enhancement and the traditional linear economic development pattern caused serious crisis of water resources and pollution of water environment. The shortage of water resources and the water pollution problems have obviously restricted the development of economic of our country and city and the life level of the people. The development of a city as the humanity habitat relies on the water environment coordinated development of this region. Therefore, there are a great deal of certain theory value and practical significance to study and establish the city water resources circulation utilization Pattern on reasonable utiliazation of the city region water resources, reducing fresh water consumption and the sewage withdrawal, forming the water resources positive cycle, realizing "zero discharge" of the city region sewage and the sustainable development of water environment.In this paper, based on understanding the present research situation of the domestic and foreign related cities water cycle Pattern, the connotation of city water cycle pattern and the establishment of the prediction model of city water demand were systematically studied and the index system of city water environment with the idea circulation economy was constructed. On three aspects of individual, community and system, the city region water consuming units were analysed and integrated. Under the consideration of water saving processes, the sewage treatment, the city reclaimed water reuse, rain water comprehensive utilization, waste water circulation and water assignment network, the multi-level city water environment circulation patterns were established to reduce amount of fresh water and "zero discharge". In order to guarantee the application of city water cycle pattern, with consideration of decision-making idea, laws and regulations policy, organizational reform, technical methods, information management, etc., the whole, the integrity multi-level, dynamic, feasibe city water environmental safeguard system was also established. According with he function of the market mechanism and the supplementary interaction and更多还原