我国公共政策中的公民参与

【作者】 吕宁；

【导师】 曹现强；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 行政管理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 公共政策的制定和执行是当代行政管理的重要组成部分，为保证公共政策的公共性、公平性、合法性和稳定性，有必要让公民参与到公共政策中来，建立政府与公民的互动关系。虽然当前我国公民参与公共政策的实践取得了一定的成就，但仍存在诸多困境。因此，如何规范和扩大我国公共政策中的公民参与是本文探讨的主题。 本文运用政治学、行政学、社会学等学科的基本理论，结合规范分析与实证研究，阐述了公共政策中公民参与的基本内涵和价值，探讨了我国公共政策中公民参与的理论基础及现实依据，评析了我国公共政策中公民参与的现状及困境，最后提出提升我国公民参与公共政策的对策。全文共分为四个部分： 第一部分：关于公共政策中公民参与的内涵及价值分析。本部分从分析公民参与的内涵入手，认为公民参与所涉及的内容较多的集中在公共政策领域，由此界定了公共政策中公民参与的内涵。并具体阐述了公民参与在公共政策领域中的价值，包括提高公共政策公共性，促进公共政策公平性，提升公共政策合法性，保持公共政策稳定性。 第二部分：关于我国公共政策中公民参与的理论基础及现实依据。该部分首先分析了西方公民参与的不同理论派别(包括精英参与理论、多元参与理论、公民参与理论)的基本内容及对我国公民参与公共政策实践的借鉴意义。之后介绍了我国公民参与公共政策的理论基础以及现实依据。 第三部分：关于我国公共政策中公民参与的现状及困境分析。本部分首先概括了我国当前公民参与公共政策的现状，然后分析了公民参与公共政策过程中所存在的困境，包括制度化、传统文化、社会自治组织、决策机制、法制化建设等方面所存在的不足与欠缺。 第四部分：关于提升我国公民参与公共政策的对策分析。本部分针对上文所提到的困境，提出了扩大和规范公共政策中公民参与的措施。包括：加快制度建设步伐，畅通公民参与公共政策的渠道；逐步构建参与型政治文化，提高公民参与公共政策的自主性；积极培育社会自治组织，壮大公民参与公共政策的组织载体；建立和完善科学民主的决策机制，消除公民参与公共政策的体制障碍；建立健全法律保障体系，约束和规范公民参与公共政策的行为。更多还原

【Abstract】 The constitution and implement of public policies is an important part of the contemporary administration. To insure the commonality, justice, validity and stability, it’s necessary to allow citizens to participate in the public policies and build an intercommunion between government and citizens. However, though the practice of participating in public policies has obtained some successes, there is still some jams. How to made it accord with the criterion and enlarged is the theme of the thesis.The thesis employs the basic theories of politics, administration , sociology and so on, combines the method of normative analysis and empirical studying, expounds the basic meaning and values of citizen participation in public policies, discusses its theory bases and realistic gusts, analyses its status and jams and finally brings forwards the countermeasures to advance it The thesis contains four parts:Part Ⅰ: about the analysis of the meaning and values of citizen participation in public policies. This part starts with analyzing the meaning of citizen participation, considers that most of the contents of citizen participation centralizes in public policies and then defines the citizen participation in public policies and expounds the values, including advancing the commonality of public policies, accelerating its justice, upgrading its validity and retaining its stability.Part Ⅱ: about the theory bases and realistic gusts of citizen participation in public policies in our country. This part first analyses the basic contents of different citizen participation theory distinctions in west (including elites participation , multiple participation, citizen participation) and the reference for our country. Then introduces its theory bases and realistic gusts.Part Ⅲ: about the status and jams analysis of citizen participation in public policies in our country. This part first generalizes the status of citizen participation in public policies in our country, then analyses the jams , including the lacks and deficiencies of system, traditional culture, society self-help organization, decision-making mechanism, legal system construction.更多还原