节点文献
民国初期选举制度初探
【作者】 王伟;
【导师】 王德志;
【作者基本信息】 山东大学 , 法律, 2006, 硕士
【摘要】 民国初年,西方选举思想传入中国,经过萌芽与演变,为民国时期选举制度的确立奠定了思想基础。从湖北军政府开始,历经南京临时政府、北京政府,在各个时期均颁布了大量的法律文件,初步确立了从中央到地方机关的选举制度,即国会议员选举、省议会议员选举及大总统选举制度。本文旨从民初选举制度本身入手,结合当时的政治、经济、历史背景,在考察其运行效果的基础上,对民初选举制度进行简评,并探讨制约民初选举民主性的主要因素,以求能为今后的研究提供一个参考,并为当代中国的民主政治建设提供借鉴。本文主要写作分四章展开,主要内容摘要介绍如下: 第一章 民初选举制度在中国的产生条件。本章主要分析了民初选举制度产生的思想、政治条件。鸦片战争后,伴随着资产阶级政治制度的传入,西方选举制度也通过多种方式被介绍到中国。少数先进的知识分子在了解学习的基础上,也初步构想了中国选举制度的框架。随着清末“预备立宪”的开展,选举制度首次以法律的形式在中国确立和实践。这些理论及实践即为民初选举制度的产生奠定了思想基础。辛亥革命胜利,传统世袭制度被推翻,资产阶级共和国刚刚确立,政权合法性问题成为亟待解决的问题,在寻求确认政权合法性途径的过程中,选举制度得到认可,成为确认政权及领导人合法化的主要途径。这个寻求政权合法性的过程即为民初制度的产生做好了政治上的准备。 第二章 选举制度在民国初年的产生与演变。湖北军政府时期制定了《中华民国鄂州临时约法》,其中对于选举的有关规定莫定了资产阶级民主选举制度的基础。南京临时政府时期制定了《中华民国临时政府组织大纲》及《中华民国临时约法》,第一次以宪法的形式确立了民国初期的选举制度,成为中国资产阶级民主选举制度奠基石。北京政府时期制定和颁布了《中华民国国会组织法》、《参议院议员选举法》、《众议院议员选举法》、《省议会议员选举法》、《大总统选举法》等一系列的单行法律法规,基本构建了民国初年选举制度的基本框架,完善了民初选举制度。 第三章 民初选举制度的主要内容。主要概述介绍了民初国会议员选举制度、省议会议员选举制度及大总统选举制度的主要内容,总结其特点并进行简要评价。 第四章 民国初年选举制度的实施情况及评价。考察了民初国会议员、省议会议员及大总统选举制度的实施情况,并对实施情况进行简要评价。
【Abstract】 On the Early Republic of China,with the introduction of the western election ,the electroal system of China was formed on the Beijing Government of the Republic of China. At that time ,the Government and local administration published many law documents ,and the electoral system was formed elementarily from the central to the local.They are the congress electoral system,provincial organ electorial system and presidential electoral system.This dissertation regards the electoral system of the time as its object of study,including the developing of central, local organ,the basic content and how to implement them in order to be a reference for contemporary China.Part 1:The emerging condition of the electoral system on the Early Republic of China.During the late of Qing Dynasty ,with the introduction and implement of the western democratic system ,the electoral system was introduced to China by all kinds of ways ,and people of china began to knew something about this.On the basic of it ,a few advanced intellectuals contrived some elementary electoral system of China.At the end of Qing Dynasty,western electoral system was carried out firstly in China.AU these were the thought of conditon of electoral system of China.At the same time ,the political elites began to seek of the path of legitimacy of politics.The request of the legitimacy of politics was the political condition of the eletoral system on the early Republic of China.Part 2:The creation and variety of the electorial system on Early Republic of China.From the Military Government to the Beijing Government ,the government published a lot of law documents in order to set up the frame of the electoral system of the Early Republic of China.Part 3:The main content of the electoral system of the Early Republic of China.To jeneralize the content of the congress electoral system .provincial organ electoral system and presidential electoral system.Then, to memoralize the characteristics and appraise the content of those systems.Part 4:The operation of the electoral system on the Early Repulic of China.To inspect and appraise the operation of the congress electoral system,provincial organ electoral system and presidential electral system.
- 【网络出版投稿人】 山东大学 【网络出版年期】2006年 12期
- 【分类号】D929
- 【被引频次】6
- 【下载频次】881