【作者】 查广平；

【导师】 刘建；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 目前，城市生活饮用供水的消毒主要方法是加氯消毒法，为了抑制水中残余的病原菌、病毒和其他致病生物的再度繁殖，水经过加氯消毒接触一段时间后，应该有适量的剩余氯留在水中，以保证持续的杀菌能力。但是，水中过量的余氯会影响水的口感和气味，破坏水的品质：此外，在消毒过程中，氯与水中残余的有机物可产生化学作用，生成一系列氯代烃如三氯甲烷、溴仿、溴二氯甲烷、氯二溴甲烷等，这些物质会对人体产生一定程度的致癌作用；对于以自然水源作为生活用水来源的城市必然要对水加氯消毒后才可使用。因此，对水中过量余氯处理方法的研究是一项有实际价值的研究课题。 本文在对已有的余氯去除方法进行分析、研究、探讨的基础上，提出一种基于氧化还原方式的吸附除氯方法，并进行了实验研究。实验以氨基磷酸螯合树脂为骨架材料，并对这种材料载Fe²⁺改性得到一种新型除氯剂，通过固载的Fe²⁺与水中余氯（Cl₂、C10^-、HC10）的氧化还原作用将水中的余氯除去。由于氨基磷酸螯合树脂对Fe²⁺有很强的螯合和交换能力，除氯过程中，Fe²⁺不容易被其他的离子重新交换下来；该方法的一个突出特点是选择性高，除去余氯的同时水中的其他离子不会产生影响，不会带入二次污染，出水水质较好，完全能够使出水符合国家饮用水余氯水质标准，获得了一种新的去除余氯的方法。 本文对氨基磷酸树脂除氯剂的改性条件、除氯条件、干扰条件、洗脱条件和一些初步的工艺条件进行了详细探讨。实验结果表明：改性氨基磷酸螯合型树脂除氯剂的除氯容量很高，可达到11.206mg／g以上，比目前常用的除氯方法的除氯容量都高。结果分析表明：改性氨基磷酸树脂除氯剂对水中余氯的吸附符合Freundlich公式，可以表示为式（1）； qe=8.312ce^0.32 （1）水中的常见离子对除氯效果影响很小。除氯剂可通过VC较为方便的再生，再生过程不会给饮用水带来污染。 本文对氨基磷酸树脂的动力学性质进行了探讨，实验结果表明：氨基磷酸树脂对Fe（Ⅱ）的交换过程符合粒内扩散机理；树脂半径变化与吸附速度成反比，温度变化与吸附速度成正比；试验条件下，扩散活化能为：Ea=64.07KJ／mol； 文中所提出的基于氧化还原方式的吸附除氯方法，是从理论上对吸附过程的机理、更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, chlorization disinfection in water is adopted widely in urban supply water system in order to restrain the propagate of pathogenic bacteria, virus and other pathogenic organism once again, water is disinfected some time later, there should have a proper quantity chlorine retaining in water to ensure continuous capacity of killing germs. However, the residual chlorine can affect people’s taste and smell, destroy the quality of water. Moreover, in the process of disinfection, chlorine can react with organic matter and produce a series of hydrochloric ether such as chloroform, bromoform, bromodichloromethane, chlorodibromomethane and so on, these matters can cause to some extent cancer to human body. Therefore, it’s a valuable task to make a study of disposing residual chlorine of water.In this paper, we first make a detail analysis、study and discussion of the existing disposing-chlorine method, on this condition, a new method based on the way of oxidation and deoxidization is discussed, phosphoramidic acid chelate resin is chosen as framework material, this kind of new disposing-chlorine materials can be obtained by loading Fe²⁺ on the skeleton of the materials, the residual chlorine is disposed by taking advantage of chlorine oxidizing Fe²⁺. Because this material has a strong capacity of chelateding and exchanging with Fe²⁺, Fe²⁺ is hardly possible to be exchanged by other ions and reentry into water. Thereby, the obvious characteristic of this method is its high selectivity. It will not bring other ions in water in the process of disposing chlorine, it also will not take sequential pollution and can get high quality water. It can completely make the coming-out water coincide with our national drinking water standard, a new disposing-chlorine method is obtained.In this paper, the effect of the disposing-chlorine materials under different conditions is discussed in details, such as modification condition, disposing-chlorine condition, disturbing condition, cleansing condition, as well as some preliminary technology craft condition. The experiment shows that the disposing-chlorine materials have a high disposing-chlorine capability, with modified phosphoramidic更多还原