【作者】 郑云龙；

【导师】 戴文利；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究借鉴了偶联剂的作用机理,在尼龙6(PA6)/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料加入了N-丁基对甲苯磺酰胺(BTSA)、N-环基对甲苯磺酰胺(CTSA)、间苯二甲酸-5-磺酸钠(5-SSIPA),在改善复合材料界面粘接性能的同时,利用粉末填料与纤维之间的复合效应,促进玻璃纤维在PA6树脂中的均匀分散,从两个方面同时入手,提高PA6/GF复合材料的综合性能。借助双螺杆挤出机,将改性助剂:N-丁基对甲苯磺酰胺(BTSA)、N-环已基对甲苯磺酰胺(CTSA)、间苯二甲酸-5-磺酸钠(5-SSIPA)分别与PA6共混,测试共混材料的力学性能。通过红外光谱分析(FT-IR)及差示扫描量热分析(DSC),重点研究5-SSIPA中的极性基团与酰胺基团之间的相互作用,考察了5-SSIPA加入后PA6结晶性能的的变化。在GF增强PA6复合材料中加入混合助剂A(5-SSIPA:BTSA=3:3)、B(5-SSIPA:CTSA=3:3),测试复合材料的静、动态力学性能的变化,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析复合材料的拉伸断裂面,研究了复合材料的应力传递机理,着重研究了混合助剂对界面粘接及纤维分散性的影响。测试了改性前后PA6/GF复合材料的玻璃化温度(Tg)、熔点(Tm)及维卡软化点温度,用热重分析(TG)研究复合材料的热分解情况。考察复合材料在不同环境温度下吸水率的变化,用Fick定律、Arrhenius关系式研究水分在复合材料内部的扩散情况,测定水分扩散系数。测试PA6与助剂的共混材料发现:5-SSIPA对PA6力学性能的改善最明显。当5-SSIPA的用量为3%时,共混材料的拉伸、弯曲性能最佳。FT-IR光谱分析表明:5-SSIPA加入后,两个羧酸基团、一个钠代磺基与分子链上的酰胺基团形成了分子间氢键。变温红外光谱测试结果显示:当测试温度升高时,5-SSIPA与酰胺基团形成的新分子间氢键具有更好的热稳定性。DSC测试结果表明:加入3%的5-SSIPA可以将PA6的结晶度由27.2%提高到35.5%,结晶温度从164.1℃提高到179.4℃,更接近熔点。从复合材料拉伸断裂面的SEM照片可以看出: PA6/GF/A复合材料中界面粘接性能最好,基体变得致密,GF在基体中的分散程度得到了很好的改善。与PA6/GF相比,PA6/GF/A复合材料的干态拉伸强度、弯曲强度分别达到了109.1MPa、169.1MPa,提高的幅度分别为21.3%和40.5%,弯曲模量达到4221.4 MPa,是PA6/GF复合材料的160.1%。对比PA6/GF与PA6/GF/A的动态力学测试(DMTA)结果发现:玻璃化转变发生后,PA6/GF/A的储能模量E′明显高于PA6/GF,损耗模量E″也略有升高,复合材料的玻璃化转变温度Tg提高了14.3℃,损耗因子tanδ值明显降低,α松弛活化能更高。同时更多还原

【Abstract】 In our work, three modified agent are added into the composites. They are N-butyl-p-toluenesulfonamide(BTSA), N-cyclohexyl-p-toluene-sulfonamide(CTSA), m-phthalic-5-sulfonic acid sodium(5-SSIPA). We hope the addition of these agents can improve the level of interfacial adhesion and the dispersion of glass fiber in matrix simultaneously.BTSA, CTSA, 5-SSIPA was blended with PA6 respectively. The materials were prepared in a twin-screw-extrusion machine. The relation of the structural character and dosage of agents to the improvement is confirmed by means of mechanical properties testing. The interaction between 5-SSIPA and amide group in PA6 molecules is studied by means of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry(DSC) and the change of crystalline properties is also viewed.The mixtures A(5-SSIPA:BTSA=3:3), B(5-SSIPA:CTSA=3:3)were added into PA6/E-SGF composites. The changes of static and dynamic mechanical properties were tested. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was carried out to study the fracture surface of tensile failing specimen.The glass translation temperature (Tg), melting temperature (Tm), vicat softening temperature of modified and unmodified composites were all tested. The thermal degradation of composites was also investigated through thermogravimetric analysis. The diffusion of water in composites was studied at different temperature by use of Fick theory and Arrhenius equation.The results of mechanical testing show that 5-SSIPA is confirmed to be the best reagent for PA6. When 3% of 5-SSIPA is incorporated to PA6, the mechanical properties of the blend increases significantly.The FITR spectrogram indicates that there is a kind of hydrogen bonding between the polar group in 5-SSIPA and amide group in PA6 chains. As the temperature raise, the hydrogen bonding in PA6/5-SSIPA exhibits a higher thermal stability than that in PA6.When 3% of 5-SSIPA is incorporated to PA6, the crystalline degree of PA6/5-SSIPA is improved from 27.2% to 35.5%., and the crystalline temperature is improved from164.1℃to 179.4℃.From the SEM figures, we can find that in PA6/GF/A the matrix becomes much tight and the dispersion of fibers is improved markedly. The fracture surface contains lines or ridges that radiate from the interface around the fibers. The results of static mechanical testing更多还原