Blazar天体的光变和CCD测光

【作者】 郑永刚；

【导师】 张雄；

【作者基本信息】 云南师范大学 ， 天体物理学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 AGNs(Active Galactic Nucleus)是近代天体物理学研究的热门课题，blazar天体是AGNs中具有极端物理性质的一个子类，它以大振幅快速光变、高且变化的偏振、射电核主导、视超光速运动、全波段非热辐射为主要特征。由于其特殊的性质，blazar天体提供了探测AGNs中心区域性质的可能，为研究能量从中心黑洞释放提供了重要机会。能量的产生、喷流的形成和加速问题的解决对黑洞的认识和发展有重大意义。Blazar天体光变对研究blazar天体内部物理结构、辐射机制非常重要。本文系统阐述了blazar天体的观测特征、blazar天体多波段能谱特征、blazar天体的三种辐射理论模型、blazar天体的短时标、中时标和长周期光变及blazar天体的CCD测光和归算。本文从公开发表的文献中收集了48个blazar天体不同波段的短时标光变，利用光变时标估算了blazar天体中心黑洞质量和不同波段辐射区域大小，对我们的估算结果进行统计分析发现：blazar天体不同子类中心黑洞质量有差异，平谱射电类星体中心黑洞质量大于BL Lac天体中心黑洞质量；blazar天体红外波段辐射区域与γ射线波段辐射区域相似，且红外波段辐射区域与γ射线波段辐射区域大于光学波段和X射线波段辐射区域。此外，在CCD测光观测过程中，我们利用云南天文台1.02mRCC光学望远镜对观测积分时间进行了研究，发现利用云南天文台1.02mRCC光学望远镜实测中I波段的积分时间应略长于R波段的积分时间。更多还原

【Abstract】 Active Galactic Nucleus(AGNs) is the hottest research on modern astrophysics. Blazars are one of the most extreme classes of active galactic nucleus, with high luminosity, large amplitude and rapid variability, high and variable polarization, radio core-dominance, and apparent superluminal speeds. Their broad band emission extends from radio up to γ-ray band, and dominated by non-thermal process. Due to special character of blazars, we can know the central region of the AGNs, and we can also know how does release the energy from the central black hole through researching on the blazers. It is significant that we understand how dose produce the energy, and what kind of jets nature make to develop the black hole. Variability is a important parameter, it is important for understanding inner physical structure and radiation mechanism of blazars. The paper systematically expatiate on the observation character, the spectral energy distributions, the theoretical radiation model, the short timescales, middle timescales, and long-term variability, CCD photometry and atmospheric extinction calculus. We compiled short timescales variability of 48 blazars from the available literature, and calculated the mass of the central black hole and different band emission region of blazars. Base on our results of statistical analysis, we conclude that the mass of the flat spectral radio quasistellar is large than the mass of the BL Lac object, the v -ray and infrared emission regions are cospatial, and γ -ray emission region far from the optical and X-ray emission regions. Furthermore , in the process of CCD photometry observation, we carried our study with 1. 02m telescope of Yunnan observatory to BL Lac object MRK 501 in different integration time, and obtained the relation between error of photometric and integration time in the R band in the I band. Our results indicate that when the integration time in the I band more than integration time in the R band, the photometry error is minimum value.更多还原