我国女子马拉松项目的竞技现状、存在的主要问题及其对策研究

【作者】 于奎龙；

【导师】 牟少华；

【作者基本信息】 云南师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 我国女子马拉松项目是我国备战29届奥运会的重点项目之一。国家体育总局田管中心在2002年把女子马拉松项目列为“奥运会攻尖计划”，从津贴、科研、资金等方面进行重点扶持，目的是实现“119工程”中该项目奖牌的突破。 本研究以我国高水平的女子马拉松运动员／参加十运会的教练员、部分科研人员和管理人员为对象。通过文献资料、数理统计等方法从成绩、名次、优秀人员的数量等方面了解我国女子马拉松的竞技现状。运用文献资料法、问卷调查法等方法找出影响我国女子马拉松竞技水平提高的因素，并以此为指标剖析该项目存在的主要问题，找出问题存在的原因，最后提出我国女子马拉松发展的对策。研究表明： 1、我国的女子马拉松项目无论在最好成绩、优秀运动员的数量、参加国际大赛的名次等方面与女子马拉松强国日本、肯尼亚、俄罗斯相比均处于落后的地位。目前，我国女子马拉松项目整体水平在世界田坛处于相对落后的地位。 2、影响我国女子马拉松发展的因素有人力资源、训练、竞赛、科研、经济等7类22项因素。 3、我国女子马拉松项目存在的主要问题为：教练员整体水平较低、缺乏高水平的运动群体、训练指导思想不明确、后备人才严重不足、普及程度较低、比赛的模式单一、数量较少。 4、我国女子马拉松马拉松发展指导思想为：既要发挥我国的优势，又要解决目前存在的问题。发展的方向：以训练为重心，以人力资源开发为中心，经济投入、科研等为保证。发展目标：在29届奥运会进入前8名，力争金牌。发展举措： 4．1 加大培训力度、增强教练员创新能力等方面提高教练员的综合素质 4．2 加强运动员的思想教育、延长运动员的寿命、提高运动员参赛的素质等方面提高运动员综合素质与能力 4．3 深刻把握女子马拉松项目的规律 4．4 健全女子马拉松训练的多级体制 4．5 加大科研与训练的结合力度 4．6 完善女子马拉松马拉松市场，扩大融资渠道 4．7 加大该项目的普及力度，夯实该项目的人才基础更多还原

【Abstract】 The woman Marathon is one of the most important items for china to attend the 29^th Olympic game. The Field Events Management Center of National Physics Bureau in 2002 listed the woman Marathon as among "the trickiest items of Olympics" and in order to upgrade it back into the world level, the Center has given emphasis support to it in the aspects of allowances, facilities, technical services and fund. This paper collects the relevant material of the present the game that gain the medal in the Olympic game, which purpose is the breakthrough of the item’s gold medal in "119 enginerngs".This paper collects the relevant material of the present situation of women Marathon in China from documents, data and investigation, makes quantitative and qualitative analyses through mathematical statistics and logical analysis, in order to find the problem ,and further presents the corresponding development strategies. The paper is to direct the development of women Marathon in our country in a scientific way.1. The woman Marathon item of the our country ,compare with Kenya 、 Japan etc, there are so much gap in the place and the number in the word games .The whole level of the item has lagged in the world.2. The factor that affects our country woman marathon’s development contain 22 items which belong to 7 aspects, such as human resource, training, event, research, economy etc.3 .Through the analysis of its present situation, the following problems have been discovered: the low level of the coach, the small scale and uneven distribution of the professionals, the ambiguous idea of training,the shortage of back-up force, the generally low popularization level , the lack of funds ,the monotonous mode and insufficiency in event.4.Guidance: We should develop the advantage, meanwhile, solve the present problem of our country. Aims: The aim in the near future is to enter the first 8 in the 29 Olympic games. Direction: We should put the important on training, take the human sources as focus, the economy and research is the found of the item.4.1 We should increase training, heighten the coaches’ innovation ability in order to develop their power.更多还原