【作者】 罗辉；

【导师】 周小秋；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 为探讨饲料中高水平维生素E对幼建鲤消化功能和免疫功能的影响，本试验选择体重为9.46±0.03g(P>0.05)的健康幼建鲤1200尾，平均分成八组(2-1、2-2、2-3、2-4、2-5、2-6、2-7、2-8组)，每组设三个重复，每个重复50尾，分别饲喂维生素E 0、100、750、1000、1250、1500、1750、2000mg／kg的半纯合饲料，生长试验为60天，主要研究维生素E对幼建鲤消化道形态结构、功能以及对消化酶活性的影响。生长实验结束后用嗜水性气单胞菌攻毒，17天后考察维生素E对成活率和免疫力的影响。 试验结果表明：维生素E对幼建鲤增重、摄饵量、饲料系数、营养物质沉积率等有显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)的影响；相关分析表明：增重与蛋白沉积率、脂肪沉积率分别呈极显著正相关(r1=+0.9550，P<0.01；r2=+0.9820，P<0.01)，经通径分析，摄饵量、饲料利用率对增重有极显著的直接作用(P<0.01)，其通径系数分别为+0.5448、+0.4669，决定系数分别为d0.1=0.2968；d0.2=0.2180，表明维生素E对增重具有重要作用，而且主要是与摄饵量和饲料利用率的提高密切相关。维生素E对肝胰重、肠重、肠长、肠道皱襞高度、肠碱性磷酸酶活性、肠Na+，K+-ATP酶活性、肠和肝胰脏胰蛋白酶活性、肠和肝胰脏糜蛋白酶活性、肠和肝胰脏脂肪酶活性等有显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)的影响，相关分析表明：增重与肠道脂肪酶活性、肠道Na+，K+-ATP酶活性、肠胰蛋白酶活性、肠糜蛋白酶活性分别呈极显著正相关(r1=+0.9830，P<0.01：r2=+0.9930，P<0.01；r3=+0.9580，P<0.01；r4=+0.9720，P<0.01)，饲料系数分别与肠重、肠胰蛋白酶活力、肠糜蛋白酶活力、肠道蛋白含量、肠道AKP活力、肠道Na+，K+-ATP酶活力呈极显著负相关(r1=-0.9700，P<0.01；r2=-0.9570，P<0.01：r3=-0.9710，P<0.01；r4=-0.9680，P<0.01；r5=-0.9510，P<0.01：r6=-0.9840，P<0.01)；肠糜蛋白酶和肠ATP酶对饲料利用率均有显著或极显著的直接作用，其通径系数分别为+0.3383、+1.1067：决定系数分别为d0.1=0.1145：d0.2=1.3620；说明肠糜蛋白酶和肠ATP酶对饲料利用率均有较大的作用。维生素E对攻毒成活率、血清白蛋白、血清溶菌酶、血清酸性磷酸酶、血清凝集素、补体C3、白细胞吞噬能力、抗体效价等有显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)的影响。相关分析表明：嗜水性气单胞菌攻毒后成活率分别与血清酸性磷酸酶、补体C3、抗体效价、血清凝集素、白细胞吞噬率、白细胞数量、脾脏重量、头肾重量呈极显著或显著的正相关(r1=+0.7910，P<0.01；r2=+0.9000，P<0.01：r3=+0.8390，P<0.01：r4=+0.7740，P<0.05：r5=+0.9280，P<0.01；r6=+0.9430，P<0.01；r7=+0.8620，P<0.01；r8=+0.9260，P<0.01)。白细胞吞噬率和溶菌酶与攻毒后成活率有显著或极显著的直接作用，通径系数分别为+0.9776、+0.4696，决定系数分别为d0.1=0.9556：d0.2=0.2205，抗体效价对攻毒后成活率有较大间接作用。表明攻毒后成活率主要与白细胞吞噬率、溶菌酶和嗜水性气单胞菌攻毒后抗体效价的提高有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 The trial was conducted to study the the effects of vitamin E on digestive function and immune function of juvenile Jian caxp(cyprinus carpio VarJian). In trial, 1200 juvenile Jian carps with initial weight 9.46±0.03g were averagely allocated to 8 treatments with 3 replications, feeding diets with added vitamin E 0,100,750,1000,1250,1500,1750and 2000 mg/kg respectively for 60 days. After 60-day feeding, a challenge trial was couducted by injection of Aeromonas Hydrophila(AH) for 17 day to determine the effect of vitamin E on immune function of Jian Carp.The results showed as follows: vitamin E has direct effect on weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion efficiency, retention ration of nutrients. The significant correlation existed between weight gain and retention ration of protein, retention ration of fat (r1=+0.9550, P< 0.01; r2=+0.9820, P < 0.01) .The path-analysis results indicated that there were significant direct effects of feed intake , feed efficiency on weight gain (path coefficient: +0.5448 +0.4669, decision coefficient d0.1=0.2968, d0.2=0.2180) . Vitamin E has direct effect on hepatopancreas weight, intestine weight, intestine length, height of intestinal folds. Besides, activity of trypsin, activity of chymotrypsin, activity of lipase, activity of alkaline phosphatase, activity of Na~+,K~+-ATPase. The significant correlation existed between weight gain and activity of lipase, activity of Na~+,K~+-ATPase, activity of trypsin , activity of chymotrpsin (r1=+0.9830, P < 0.01; r2=+0.9930, P < 0.01; r3=+0.9580, P < 0.01; r4=+0.9720, P < 0.01) . The significant correlation existed between feed conversion efficiency and intestine weight, activity of trypsin, activity of chymotrpsin, content of intestine protein, activity of alkaline phosphatase and activity of Na~+,K~+-ATPase(rl=-0.9700, P < 0.01; r2=-0.9570, P < 0.01; r3=-0.9710, P < 0.01; r4=-0.9680, P < 0.01; r5=-0.9510, P<0.01; r6=-0.9840, P < 0.01) . Activity of chymotrypsin and Na~+,K~+-ATPase of intestine on feed conversion efficiency (path coefficient +0.3383, +1.1067; decision coefficient d0.1=0.1145, d0.2=1.3620). Phago-rate of leukocyte, vitamin E levels of serum, protein of intestine and hepatopancreas, serum albumin, survival rate and anti-AH antibody titers at 17d after vaccination against Aeromonas hydrophilaand were significantly affected by the dietary vitamin E level. There were significant correlation between survival rate after vaccination against Aeromonas hydrophilaand and ACP, serum更多还原