【作者】 王靖会；

【导师】 周建忠；

【作者基本信息】 吉林农业大学 ， 职业技术教育学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 目前各类学校中采用的教学模式主要有两大类，一是以教师为主的教学模式，二是以学生为主的教学模式。前者过于强调教师的主导作用，而忽视学生的主观能动性，认为学习的起因是对外部刺激的反应；后者虽然有利于学生主动探索、主动发现，但它忽视教师的主导作用，以致于容易偏离教学目标的要求。所以说当前教学改革的主要目标之一是要改变传统的以教师为中心或单纯以学生为中心的教学模式，建构一种既能发挥教师的主导作用，又能充分体现学生认知主体作用的新型教学模式，即双主教学模式。 多媒体课件是一种根据教学目标设计的，表现特定的教学内容，反映一定的教学策略的教学软件，因此不同的教学模式所使用的多媒体课件也不同。本研究通过分析以教为主和以学为主教学模式的学习理论，进一步阐明双主教学模式的理论基础，总结归纳出双主教学模式的基本教学环节、一般设计原则和设计内容，并结合职业学校畜牧兽医专业的专业课，设计出符合双主教学模式需要的多媒体课件，从理论和实践两方面探讨了双主教学模式在职业学校中的运用。在研究中把优化学习过程、培养学生自主学习能力作为主攻方向；转变教学过程中各要素的关系，充分发挥教师的主导作用和学生的主体地位；媒体从原来作为教师的演示工具，转变为学生的认知工具；从单纯重视获得知识转变为知识、技能、智能和情感全面发展，并试图尝试创造知识，突出培养学习能力、思维能力和创新能力；从单纯重视一般要求转变为同时重视个性发展；科学、全面地设计教学目标、策略和评价。 本研究采用文献法、座谈法、实验法等研究方法，分别对职业学校兽医专业课采用以教为主教学模式、以学为主教学模式和双主教学模式进行研究，并对研究结果进行了教师教学评价和教学效果评价。结果表明，双主教学模式一方面保证了知识系统的传授，保证了学生对重点、难点知识的理解与掌握，另一方面它又通过自主学习策略和协作学习策略，保证了学生的个性发展，以及对学生自学能力、合作能力、创新能力、分析解决问题能力等多方面素质的培养。三所职业学校双主教学模式班的综合成绩(理论、实践、信息素养等)都明显高于两个对照班(以教为主教学模式班和以学为主教学模式班)的成绩，适合中等职业学校学生全面发展的需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are two big classes in all kinds of schools at present, first, the teaching mode regarding teacher asthe centre, second, the learning mode regarding student as the centre. The former overly emphasizes the teacher’s leading role, and ignore students’ subjective initiative, think that the cause of study is a response to the outside; Though the latter helps students to explore, find voluntarily, it ignores the teacher’s leading role, apt to deviate from the request for the teaching goal. So that at the present time one of the main goals of the reform in education is to change the traditional teaching mode of regarding teacher as the centre, build and construct a kind of new-type teaching mode that can not only bring into play to the teacher’s leading role but also fully reflect student’s main body function, namely double-mains study mode.Multi-media courseware is a kind of software which is designed according as the teaching goal,express specifically teaching content, and reflect to definite strategy, so the courseware which used for different teaching mode is also different. Research this through analyse with taking "teach" and "study" as teaching mode of the centre study theory, set forth the theory foundation of two-mains study mode, and conclude general principles,content and basal taches of double-mains teaching mode and multi-media courseware design. Research integrate with farming and veterinary professional course of vocational schools, discuss exertion of double-mains teaching mode in vocational schools from theory and practice aspects. Research optimize study process and look cultivating student study voluntarily as primary aspects; change relations of all elements in teaching process, fully bring teacher into play leading role and at the same time keep student as main body in teaching. Media become cognize tools for students ,change from display tools for the teachers.Research pay more attention on all-sided development of knowledge,skill,aptitude and emotion,not just study for knowledge. Cultivate studying ability, thinking ability and innovating ability;put emphasis on developing student’s personality, and how to design scientific and comprehensive in teaching goal,strategies, evaluation . Research is by means of looking up documents, survey-ing by questionnaire and experiment, analysis integrated at last.更多还原