【作者】 陈丽华；

【导师】 汤新华；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 中小企业因其在经济和社会发展中具有无法替代的作用而为越来越多的人们所关注。然而，中小企业的发展并非一帆风顺，融资问题是其面对的诸多困难中最为突出的，这既是一个世界性难题，也是一个长久性课题。特别在我国当前经济转型和结构调整的特殊历史时期，中小企业融资困境不仅表现得更为突出，也更为复杂。 本文在已有研究成果的基础上，借鉴了新制度经济学、信息经济学等一些理论对我国中小企业融资困境进行深入剖析。本文认为，研究中国的中小企业融资困境问题除了需要在一般的意义上讨论由于信息不对称导致信贷配给外，还要结合中国的融资制度安排、中小企业融资的政府公共服务状况以及金融文化等正式和非正式金融制度因素来讨论。本文以融资制度研究为主线，从融资交易成本的视角，力求在分析和解决我国中小企业融资困境方面有所进展。 本文除引言外，主体部分共分五章。 引言部分主要内容是论文选题的意义、文献综述和本文的分析视角。通过综述国内外有关中小企业融资难问题研究现状，引出本文的分析视角，即以融资制度研究为主线，从融资交易成本角度去分析和解决中小企业融资难问题。 第一章 中小企业融资制度的国际比较及启示。首先对融资制度进行界定，接着重点关注国外发达国家中小企业的融资结构和融资方式选择、发达国家政府针对中小企业融资难采取的融资扶持政策以及其中蕴藏的内在规律，以期对促进和完善我国中小企业融资制度提供有益的借鉴。 第二章 主要考察我国中小企业的融资困境状况。在对我国中小企业融资结构现状进行描述并与国外比较以及分析我国中小企业融资活动特点的基础上，进一步概括和分析我国中小企业融资困境的具体表现。 第三章 从交易成本的视角对中小企业融资难这一普遍性问题进行理论分析。本章重点分析信息不对称、中小企业固有的劣势、融资制度安排、融资制度环境特别是政府提供的中小企业融资的公共服务这四个制约中小企业融资的共性因素，探析这四个因素下的融资交易成本对中小企业融资的影响，指出正是由于中小企业融资交易成本过高最终导致中小企业融资陷入困境。 第四章 深入探析我国中小企业融资困境的特殊性原因——制度障碍。本章从三个方面分析了经济转型期我国中小企业融资面临的制度障碍。第一，我国强制性融资制度变迁对中小企业融资造成不利影响；第二，我国中小企业正式和非正式融资制度安排的缺陷造成对中小企业融资的歧视和限制；第三，我国中小企业融资制度环境缺陷对中小企业融资形成制约。并进一步阐明我国融资制度存在更多还原

【Abstract】 Small-and-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the development of national economy and society, so more and more people pay their much attention to them. However, it is difficult for SMEs to develop smoothly because of the "bottleneck" of capital which is the most outstanding problem. The issue of financing of SMEs is both a worldwide difficulty and a long-term question for discussion. In the especial period of the transformation and re-structuring of China’s economic system, financing difficulties become much more outstanding and complicated.Based on existing research results, this paper learns from the theories of institutional economics and information economics, puts up a deeper analysis in order to give a theoretic support to the solution of financing difficulties. On the view of this paper, we not only need to discuss the credit ration caused by unsymmetrical information in the general meaning, but also need to analyze the financial system arrangement, the public service condition and financial cultural in China. From the angle of the financing transaction costs, taking the financial system research as main line, this paper aims at making progress in the analysis and solution of the SMEs financing dilemma.Besides the introduction, the main part of the dissertation is composed of 5 chapters .Main contents of the introduction part include three aspects: the important meaning of this thesis, the relevant literatures and the textual analysis angle.Chapter 1 carries on the international comparison of the SMEs financing system. The author defines financing system first, then pays attention to the financing structure, the financing method and the governmental policies which support the SMEs financing in developed countries.Chapter 2 presents the financing predicament of SMEs in China. Based on analyzing respectively current financing structure and financing characteristics of SMEs of our country, the thesis generalizes further with analysis the concrete performance of the SMEs financing difficulties.Chapter 3 gives a theoretic analysis on the SMEs financing difficulties from the view of transaction costs. The common factors which influence the SMEs financing are: unsymmetrical information, SMEs’ poor credit level and bad situation, financing system arrangement, and system environment especially supporting system of government policy. It is just because high transaction costs that SMEs sink into financing predicament.Chapter 4 goes deep into the special reason of the SMEs financing difficulties in our country—system obstacles. From three aspects, this chapter analyzes system obstacles that influence the SMEs financing in the period of the economy transformation. Firstly, compulsory financing institutional change in our country brings disadvantageous influence to SMEs.; Secondly, imperfect formal and informal financial institution result in discrimination and restriction to SMEs; The third, imperfect financial institution environment lead to SMEs financing difficulties.更多还原