【作者】 何海军；

【导师】 徐振刚； 王乃继；

【作者基本信息】 煤炭科学研究总院 ， 化学工艺， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 甲醇是一种重要的有机化工原料，是C1化工的基础，同时又是一种很好的有机溶剂和液体燃料。近两年我国甲醇生产能力增长都在100万t/a以上，未来几年，这种增速可能进一步加快。然而，与我国甲醇生产能力增长不相适应的是，生产技术落后，自动化水平低，生产过程常根据定性判断来指导操作，致使工况运行较差，产品能耗、成本升高，企业效益和竞争力下降。 本文在C307与C9催化剂结构特性研究的基础上，研究了工艺条件对甲醇合成原料转化率、产率以及甲醇选择性的规律性影响；计算了循环比对甲醇生产能力的影响以及探索了循环比的实际可调节范围；结合催化剂的市场需求，分析了甲醇催化剂的未来发展。 研究结果表明： 与C9型催化剂相比，C307型催化剂的铜锌组分分散度较高、活性位较多、晶粒粒度较小，表现特性为活性、选择性、稳定性均较好。 甲醇合成存在最佳的温度操作范围，温度过高或者过低均对甲醇合成不利；提升反应压力，有利于甲醇合成转化率和产率的提高，但甲醇选择性会有所降低；空速升高，原料气转化率下降，但产品产率和甲醇选择性将会增加；甲醇合成原料气（H₂-CO₂）/（CO+CO₂）摩尔比应控制在2.0～2.2，最佳比例为2.05；CO₂含量为6％时，原料气转化率和时空产率最大，浓度过高、过低都不合适；通过工艺条件对甲醇合成反应敏感性分析后认为，在设定的范围内，温度对甲醇合成时空产率影响最为显著，CO₂浓度对产物中甲醇选择性影响最为显著。 通过计算分析，循环比对甲醇合成过程具有较大的影响。新鲜原料气空速随着循环比的升高而迅速下降，即甲醇合成装置的利用效率降低；循环比增大，总转化率升高，单位原料气的甲醇产量增大，但随着循环比的增大，产量增大的速率或者说总转化率升高的趋势逐渐变得缓慢；为保证反应器进口混合物料组分处于最佳的摩尔组成，可以通过计算程序反推新鲜原料气组成，进而确定粗原料气的变换力度，使整体系统运行效率达到最优化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Methanol is an important organic chemical material, which is the basis of C1 chemical industry and also is a fine organic solvent and liquid fuel. In the past two years, the growth of methanol production capacity is more than 1,000,000 tpy in our country. And such growth may be further accelerated in further. However, methanol production technology of our country is underdeveloped, the economic performance is poor in many methanol production plants because low level of automation and badly operating state.In this paper, the regularity impact of technological conditions on feed-gas conversion, space-time yield and methanol selectivity is studied, based on the basic nature study of C307 and C9 catalysts; impact of the recycle ratio on the methanol production capacity is validated; the actual adjustable range of the recycle ratio is explored; combined with the market demand of catalyst, the optimization ideas of methanol catalyst is brought forward.The results show as follows:The C307 catalyst which has higher dispersion degree, more activity sites and smaller crystallinity compared with the C9 catalyst, shows better characteristic on activity, selectivity and stability.Elevated temperature or low temperature isn’t better to Methanol synthesis, which exist optimum temperature regulating range; when the pressure is lifted, the feed-gas conversion ratio and the space-time yield would rise while the methanol selectivity would reduce; increasing space velocity the feed-gas conversion ratio would reduce, while the space-time yield and the methanol selectivity would rise; the composition of feed-gas {（H2-CO₂）/（CO+CO₂）} should be controlled in range of 2.0 to 2.2, and the best ratio is 2.05; when the content of CO₂ in the feed-gas is 6%, the conversion ratio and the space-time yield could reach the maximum; the sensitivity analysis of technological conditions to the reaction is analyzed, and the conclusion is made that temperature has the most marked effect to the space-time yield while the content of CO₂ has the most marked更多还原