【作者】 操基玉；

【导师】 叶冬青；

【作者基本信息】 安徽医科大学 ， 流行病与卫生统计学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 目的 了解合肥农村不同水系地区饮水卫生状况，为改善水质、加强安全饮水卫生宣教提供科学依据。 方法 在合肥农村按巢湖水系、淮河水系、江淮分水岭地区和介于巢湖水系与淮河水系之间的一般地区采取多阶段抽样方法调查18个自然村，共计469户。采用调查表，结合实地查看和询问方法了解水源卫生防护情况、饮水卫生知识掌握情况和水源水卫生状况。同时在被抽取的自然村东、西、南、北、中选择5口水井，共计90口水井为水质监测点，丰水期和枯水期各采样一次，监测指标为：总硬度、氯化物、硫酸盐、硝酸盐氮、氟化物、溶解性总固体、细菌总数、总大肠菌群等指标。 结果 合肥农村82.15％的人饮用浅层井水，79％的水井采用人力取水，64.82％的水井距离污染源不足30米，且不同水系地区比较差异有显著性，37.31％的人认为饮生水不会生病，46.48％长期饮生水，70.58％的人认为饮水不需要处理，97.65％的居民从未对水质进行过处理，不同水期、不同水系的细菌学、溶解性总固体、氟化物等指标经统计学检验有意义。对不同水系进行两两比较，发现不同水系井水中细菌总数和总大肠菌群，巢湖水系低于其他三种水系，提示，巢湖水系井水中微生物污染较其他三种水系轻。不同水系井水中氟化物比较均有统计学意义，江淮分水岭地区井水中含氟化物最低。巢湖水系井水中氯化物和硝酸盐含量低于江淮分水岭地区和其余地区。在污染源与水井距离固定后，增加井深可以降低水中细菌总数和总大肠菌群的含量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the hygienic quality of drinking water in different river system regional of Hefei rural and to provide scientific basis for the improvement of drinking water quality and protection of human health.Methods In Hefei countryside according to the Lake Chaohu river system, the Huaihe River system, the Jiang-hui watershed area and between the Lake Chaohu River system and the Huaihe River system general area adopt the multi- stages sampling method to investigate 18 natural villages, a total 469 households water sources health protection situation, the potable water hygienic knowledge keep abreast of the situation and the water source water hygiene condition. Meanwhile in east the natural village which extracts, west, south, north, center is chosen 5 water wells, the total 90 water wells are the water quality test points, abundant and dry season various sampling, the monitor items were: total hardness, chloride, sulfate, nitrate nitrogen, fluoride, soluble total solid, bacteria count, coliform bacteria.Results 82.15% people drank the shallow-layer well water .79% water wells used the human to take by force the water. 37.31% people thought to drink the unsoiled water not to be able to fall ill. 46.48% drank the unsoiled water for a long time, 70.58 people thought the potable water did not need to process, and 97.65% inhabitants never have carried on processing to the water quality. In 64.82% water wells 30 meters had the source of pollution. The abundant and dry season, the different river system, soluble total solid, fluoride and so on bacteria count had the significance after statistics examination. Different water compared to the found bacteria count in different water更多还原