微结构光纤基本性质和微结构光纤光栅研究

【作者】 孙婷婷；

【导师】 袁树忠；

【作者基本信息】 南开大学 ， 光学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究了微结构光纤的基本性质,从理论和实验两个角度讨论了微结构光纤在光纤光栅方面的特性和应用。首先介绍了微结构光纤的发展过程及研究现状,概括了微结构光纤不同于传统光纤的特性;阐述了用于理论分析的数值计算方法,选取比较有代表性的平面波展开法和有限单元方法作了详细说明;计算分析了微结构光纤的能带、色散、有效模式面积和泄漏损耗等参数,在此基础上研究了两种不同机制双折射微结构光纤的特性,并讨论了双芯带隙光纤在耦合器方面的应用;写制微结构光纤Bragg光栅并理论模拟多谐振峰出现的原理;将微结构光纤光栅用于温度传感和应力传感的研究,并设计了基于微结构光纤光栅的多波长激光器。主要研究内容如下:1、利用平面波展开方法和有限单元方法研究了微结构光纤的传导特性,对三角形、蜂窝形栅格空气孔包层结构的光子能带进行了研究,在此基础上阐述了光子晶体光纤的传导机制,对折射率引导和光子带隙引导微结构光纤的波导色散、泄漏损耗和有效模场面积进行了研究。2、在基于对微结构光纤基本性质的研究基础之上,对结构不对称导致高双折射光子晶体光纤和应力区导致高双折射光子晶体光纤的双折射特性进行了研究。比较了两种高双折射微结构光纤的相双折射和群双折射的特性并进行解释。3、理论模拟了双芯空气传导光子带隙光纤的耦合特性,发现双芯光子带隙光纤具有与双芯折射率传导微结构光纤类似的耦合性质。对具有两个相邻纤芯的空气传导光子带隙光纤的传导模式和耦合特性进行了理论分析,在所分析的结构中发现了无耦合点,在该波长处两个相邻纤芯之间不发生能量转移。4、利用相位掩模法,我们在柚子型微结构光纤上制作了Bragg光纤光栅,观察了光栅的透射谱和反射谱,对其中的多谐振峰现象进行了分析;并且应用有限单元分析方法,理论计算了谐振峰出现的位置,所得结果与实验基本一致。更多还原

【Abstract】 The fundamental properties of microstructure fiber (MF) are investigated in this dissertation; moreover, the characteristic and application of this new type of fiber in the field of fiber grating are theoretically and experimentally discussed. Beginning with the MF’s status quo, the novel properties of microstructure fiber are summarized in the following parts. Then the theoretical computing methods are presented, in which we emphasize particularly on the plane wave method (PWM) and the finite element method (FEM). With the two methods mentioned above, important parameters such as bandgap, dispersion, leaky loss and so on are calculated, as well as the birefringence of two kinds of MF, which are in two different mechanisms. A new type of optical coupler based on dual-core bandgap microstructure fiber is presented. Furthermore, fiber Bragg grating are successfully inscribed in grapefruit MF, and the characteristic of the individual resonant peaks are analyzed, based on which a multi-wavelength fiber laser is demonstrated. The details are described as follows:1. The guided properties of MFs are investigated. Firstly, we study the photonic band structure of the MFs, which have air holes in cladding arranged in the figure of triangular and honeycomb. Then the guided mechanisms of MFs are demonstrated, and waveguide dispersion, leaky loss and effective modal area for both index-induce MF and PBGF are calculated.2. On the basis of studying fundamental properties of MFs, the birefringence properties of form-induced and stress-induced HiBi-MFs are investigated. The group birefringence and the phase birefringence of the two fibers are demonstrated and the numerical results are in agreement with the reported experimental results.3. The dual-core air-guided photonic bandgap fiber couplers are designed and decoupling phenomenon has been found. Coupling properties of the PBGFs with two adjacent air holes as fiber cores are analyzed. The decoupling point, where there is no更多还原