【作者】 宗平；

【导师】 王祥荣；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 纺织化学与染整工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 Gemini表面活性剂具有优良的表面活性,是一种新型的表面活性剂,具有较为广阔的应用前景。目前国内外研究Gemini表面活性剂在纺织化学中的应用比较少,因此对其在聚酯纤维的碱水解及染色性能方面应用的研究为新型纺织助剂的开发提供了一定的理论基础。本文合成了两个阳离子Gemini表面活性剂(DC2-12和DC2-16),通过红外光谱法和核磁共振图谱分析了其结构。研究了阳离子Gemini表面活性剂与水溶性高分子化合物的相互作用,探讨了其对超细聚酯纤维碱水解的影响及对涤纶织物碱减量的促进作用,以及阳离子Gemini表面活性剂对阳离子染料染色性能的影响。研究结果表明:阳离子Gemini表面活性剂与水溶性高分子聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、聚乙二醇(PEG)及聚乙烯醇(PVA)之间存在一定的相互作用。DC2-12和DC2-16对超细聚酯纤维水解有明显的促进作用,可开发为超细聚酯纤维碱减量的新型促进剂。四种阳离子Gemini表面活性剂对涤纶织物的碱减量均有一定的促进作用。减量后织物的白度有所增大,悬垂性明显提高,强力有一定的下降。阳离子Gemini表面活性剂的加入降低了亚甲基蓝对ECDP纤维的上染速率,具有很明显的缓染作用;上染速率常数下降,亚甲基蓝的平衡吸附量略有降低,两种表面活性剂对亚甲基蓝的平衡吸附量的影响相差不大。DC2-12和DC2-16在纤维上的吸附降低了Langmuir饱和吸附量,吸附常数KL和aL。未加入表面活性剂和加入表面活性剂,亚甲基蓝在ECDP纤维上的吸附都是吸热过程。阳离子Gemini表面活性剂(DC2-16和DC2-12)对所选的两个阳离子染料具有显著的缓染作用,可以作为一种新型的缓染剂应用于ECDP纤维染色。与单独使用阳离子Gemini表面活性剂相比,PVP与阳离子Gemini表面活性剂的混合体系对以上两种染料的缓染并没有明显的促进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gemini surfactants as a kind of new surfactants which have superior surface activity are wildly used surfactants with prospect. And there were minor researches on the application of textile chemistry, so the research on their application to the basic hydrolysis and dyeing performance of polyester fibers provide a theoretical basis for their development of new textile auxiliaries. In this paper, two cationic Gemini surfactants (DC2-12 and DC2-16) were synthesized and were verified by IR and HNMR. The interaction between cationic Gemini surfactant and water-soluble polymer compounds (PVP, PEG, and PVA) was investigated, effects of two cationic Gemini surfactants on basic hydrolysis of polyester superfine fiber were studied, and the promotion effects of cationic Gemini surfactants on alkali weight reduction of polyester fabric were also investigated. The influence of cationic Gemini surfactants on the dyeing performance of cationic dyes was researched. By these basic researches, the results showed:There was some interaction between cationic Gemini surfactant (DC2-12) and water soluble polymer compounds (PVP, PEG, and PVA).The two cationic Gemini surfactants had obvious effects on the basic hydrolysis of polyester superfine fiber. Those two surfactants could be developed as a new kind of textile auxiliary.Four cationic Gemini surfactants had obvious effects on alkali weight reduction of polyester fabric. The whiteness and the drapability of the fabric treated were enhanced, but the fabric strength was reduced.In the presence of the two Gemini surfactants, the dyeing rate decreased evidently, showing obvious retarding effects; meanwhile, the dyeing rate constant decreased, there was a slight decrease in the equilibrium adsorption amount, and the influence of the two surfactants on the equilibrium adsorption amount was almost the same; the saturation更多还原