【作者】 高小方；

【导师】 田扬；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 会计学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着全球经济一体化和信息技术的飞速发展，网络技术和电子商务的广泛应用，人们已经从工业经济时代步入知识经济时代，企业所处的商业环境发生了根本性的变化，顾客需求变化，技术创新加速，产品生命周期缩短等影响企业的生存和发展。正是由于这些变化，使ERP的发展如火如荼，但是作为中小企业，由于其限制，使用市面上的ERP可以说是“海市蜃楼”。 本文是在几个人共同开发ERP系统的基础上形成的。笔者所负责的是制造资源计划(MRPⅡ)子系统，它是当今世界各类制造业普遍采用的一种管理信息集成系统。论文简要地介绍了ERP的概念、在国内外的发展历程和应用现状、主要管理思想，然后介绍了中小企业的特点和中小企业的环境对MRPⅡ的影响和实施现状，同时根据用户需求分析结果介绍了中小企业MRPⅡ系统应具备的特点。 在充分理解MRPⅡ原理和方法的基础上，笔者探讨了中小企业MRP及CRP的算法并用实例加以说明，并重点介绍了MRP算法中关键数据的设定，其中笔者认为，在MRP计算中提前期的设定并不是一成不变的，而是要根据订单下达量、加工时间、传送时间、准备时间、等待时间、排队时间、所使用的设备数等来具体确定。 在系统分析的基础上，设计出了ERP系统下MRPⅡ子系统的系统模块结构图、各功能模块的逻辑流程图，在设计时考虑了系统的通用性，符合中小企业的特点。简要的阐述了代码设计、数据库设计和界面设计，在此基础上用Visual FoxPro进行了程序设计。 该子系统可以根据MPS、BOM、工序和库存数据编制MRP，根据工艺路线、工作中心、制造日历等提供的工时定额和设备能力、财务能力数据编制CRP，并由人工选择调整能力或负荷的方法。当有急件插入时，只要设定相应的数据，就可以快速、及时地对计划进行修改，一改由企业计划人员全靠经验和手工操作的种种弊端，提高了资源利用率和工作效率，为企业带来更高的经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of the world economic integration and information technology, network technique and electronic commerce has being widely applied. With people marched into the knowledge economy time from the industry economy time, the business environment has the ultimate change, such as the customer demand changing, the technical innovation accelerating, the product life cycle reducing and so on. Although these factors affected the enterprise’s survival and the development, it is all that stimulated the development of the ERP system. It has so many bad factors for the small and medium-sized enterprise in fact, that the ERP system hasn’t being widely applied. Because of its restriction, using the ERP on the market could be the "image of markets and buildings in mirage".I developed the ERP system software for the small and medium enterprise with and my classmates, and the paper is based on the EPR system. In the software development, my task is the design and implement of the manufacturing resources plan (MRP Ⅱ ) sub-system, which is a management information integrative system that is widely applied in all kinds of manufacturing industry. First, the paper simply introduced the ERP system, such as the ERP system’s concept, development and application, essential management theory. Second, the paper introduced the characteristic of the small and medium enterprise and the MRP Ⅱ subsystem in a small and medium enterprise, according to analyzing requirement to users.In the basis of adequately comprehending theory and method of MRP Ⅱ application software, the writer discussed into the calculate way of MRP and CRP in small and medium enterprise and gave an example to explain it. Writer stressed to discuss the enactment the key data of the calculate way of MRP. And the author doesn’t thinks that the leading time is fixed among them. The author thinks they should be calculated according to the quantity of the order, processing time, delivering time, preparing time, waiting for time and lining up time, what use quantity of the equipments in the routing etc.更多还原