【作者】 朱照平；

【导师】 黄宇烽；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 动物学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究采用35日龄雄性新西兰兔36只，随机分为实验组（n=20）和对照组（n=16），实验组给予高脂饲料喂养，建立高脂血症动物模型，对照组给予普通全价饲料。观察兔由性成熟至体成熟阶段总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）等血脂指标的改变；兔外周血睾酮（T）、雌二醇（E₂）、黄体生成素（LH）和卵泡刺激素（FSH）等性激素与垂体激素的变化，以及瘦素（Leptin）和胰岛素（Insulin）等重要的维持动物体内代谢平衡的激素的变化。同时，测定了在兔生长至性成熟时，脂肪酸代谢过程中的重要物质L-肉毒碱（L-carnitine）的变化以及血液流变学的改变。并采用HE染色法，观察了体成熟时，外生殖器（睾丸、阴茎）的发育情况，以及肝脏组织结构的病理学改变。 通过性成熟至体成熟共5个月的研究发现，与对照组比较，实验组雄性新西兰兔外周血TC、TG、LDL-C水平明显升高（P＜0.01）；实验组T、E₂、LH和FSH水平均明显降低，差异有极显著性（P＜0.01）；实验组Leptin和Insulin水平明显升高（P＜0.01）；性成熟时，实验组L-carnitine低于对照组（P＜0.01）；血液流变学相关指标中，实验组兔外周血血浆粘度显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）；实验组红细胞聚集指数、红细胞计数与红细胞压积相比于对照组，有极显著下降（P＜0.01）；体成熟时，与对照组比较，实验组阴茎长度缩短（P＜0.05），睾丸系数下降（P＜0.01）；HE染色发现，实验组睾丸生精上皮破坏明显，各级生精细胞脱落，阴茎组织有明显的脂肪细胞沉积；与对照组比较，实验组肝脏表观均具红白相间条纹，HE染色可见实验组肝细胞均发生气球样变严重，少数肝细胞脂肪变性。 本研究表明，雄性新西兰兔自幼年起摄入大量高脂食物极易诱发高脂血症，并可造成下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴功能紊乱；Leptin和Insulin发生抵抗；L-carnitine水平降低，功能发生失代偿；导致阴茎发育短小，睾丸生精功能破坏；肝脏组织破坏明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thirty-six New Zealand male rabbits were divided into the test group (n=20 ) and the control group (n=16 ) at random. The animal model of hyperlipoidemia was established by feeding high-fat diet and the rabbits in the control were fed common animal feeds. During the sexual maturity and body maturity, the concentrations of TC, TG, HDL-C as well as LDL-C were tested by using automatic biochemistry analyzer. The level of T, E2, LH, FSH, leptin and insulin were measured by radioimmunity assay. Meanwhile, the level of L-carnitine was detected by HPLC methods. Automatic detection was used to determine the index of blood rheology. The morphological alterations of testis, penis and liver were observed by HE staining at the time of sexual maturity.Compared with the control group, the concentrations of TC, TG,LDL-C, leptin and insulin in the test group increased dramatically and the levels of T, E2, LH and FSH decreased obviously (P<0.01 ) . The levels of leptin and insulin increased obviously( P<0.01). At the time of sexual maturity, the concentration of L-carnitine in test group decreased greatly (P<0.01 ) .Compared with control group, the plasma viscosity increased obviously (P<0.05 ) , the erythrocyte aggregation, red blood cell count and volume packed cells decreased greatly (P<0.01) .A comparison of the control group with the test group revealed that the penial length was short (P<0.05) and testicular coefficient declined (P<0.01) in the test group. With light microscope, the following phenomenon was manifestly detected: the sabotage of spermatogenic epithelium and the adipose cell sedimentation of the penial tissue. The liver of New Zealand male rabbits in the test group red-white fringe. HE staining revealed the liver cells ballooning degeneration and a few of liver cells fatty degeneration.It was obvious that intaking food with rich fat from juvenile would induce hyperlipoidemia and result in the functional disorder of hypothalamus- hypophysis-gonad axle, leptin and insulin resist as well as L-carnitine broken compensation in body. And high-fat diet would lead short penis in development and the destruction of更多还原