论历史教学评价激励功能的发挥

【作者】 张莉；

【导师】 吴小晴；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 学科教学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 第八次基础教育课程改革催生了评价制度的变革。新课改明确提出“改变课程评价过分强调甄别与选拔的功能，发挥评价促进学生发展、教师提高和改进教学实践的功能”，给中学历史教学评价改革指明了方向。但现行的教学评价体系与新课程的要求相去甚远，不能给新课改以有力的支持。如过分强调评价的甄别与选拔功能，忽视激励和改进功能的发挥等。这些都会严重影响新课程的顺利实施和学生的全面发展。本文从历史学科的特点、学生身心发展和社会发展的要求、新课改的理念及中学历史教师的呼声等方面论述了发挥历史教学评价激励功能的必要性与可能性，并通过相关文献的分析研究和中学历史教学实践经验的总结，归纳出发挥历史教学评价激励功能应遵循的三项原则和四种较有代表性与普适性的方式——随机评价、多次申请满意评价、量化考试的质性评价和否定评价。这种归纳和总结本身就是一种创新，另外，通过实施否定评价发挥历史教学评价的激励功能也是我对这一论题的创新。当然，评价改革是一项长期工程，如何更好地发挥历史教学评价的激励功能是中学历史教师任重而道远的追求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The eighth curriculum reform expedites the change of the assessment system. New Curriculum Reform clearly puts forward that the curriculum assessment which put an excessive emphasis on screening and choosing functions should be changed while the functions of stimulating students’ development, teacher’s improvement and teaching practical progress should be exerted. This points out the direction to history assessment reform. However, current assessment system is far away from the requirement for new curriculum and isn’t in powerful support of new curriculum reform. For instance, the screening and choosing functions are ignored. All of these will have a serious influence on carrying on the new curriculum successfully and students’ full development. From the characteristics of this course, students’ physical and psychological development, the requirement for social development, the idea of new curriculum reform and history teachers’ voice, this text discusses the necessity and possibility of the exertion of stimulating function in history-teaching assessment and generalizes 3 principles and 4 comparatively typical and universally adaptable means through the research of relevant literature and the summarization of history-teaching experience. They are random assessment, satisfaction assessment, quality assessment and negative assessment. The generalization is a kind of innovation in itself. In addition, it’s my creation of this thesis by putting negative assessment into practical to exert the stimulating function. Of course, assessment reform is a long-term project. The history teachers will shoulder the heaviest responsibilities of how to exert the stimulating function of assessment perfectly.更多还原