一致与分歧

【作者】 袁建军；

【导师】 金太军；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 行政管理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 政府与企业是本质不同的两类社会实体，但它们之间却又有着天然的联系。这种联系不仅内生于政府与企业的宏观结构层面，而且还深深扎根于政府与企业微观互动中。本文借鉴社会交换理论，选取价值、资源、影响力和交换作为分析政府和企业微观互动及相互作用的四个要素。政府与企业在价值、资源方面的差异与互补及由此产生的相互影响促成了政府与企业间交换。这种交换贯穿于中国政治、经济体制改革的每一个环节，贯穿于政府与企业关系的每一次历史变迁。交换的四个要素因客观的特定历史背景表现出迥异的鲜明时代特征，政府与企业交换也从计划经济时期的计划性逐步向无序并转而向初步有序演进。从政府层面，根据政府与企业交换资源内容及性质的不同，政府与企业交换可以区分为信息控制模式、自由裁量模式、制度供给模式和身份认定模式。这四种交换模式分别具备各自不同的显著特征，但总体呈现出政府与企业在微观互动中的一致与分歧。这种一致与分歧具体体现于政府之间、企业之间、政府与企业之间以及作为交换整体的政府、企业与社会之间。也正是这种一致与分歧使政府与企业交换脱胎于中国政治、经济体制改革进程，反过来又推动着政治、经济体制改革，同时也因此促进着这种以一致与分歧为特征的政府与企业交换关系在中国的延续与变迁。更多还原

【Abstract】 The government and the firm are different essence of social entities, and there is a natural link between them. This linkage is not only within the macro-structure level of the government and the firm, but also deeply rooted in the micro-interaction between them. This study uses the social exchange theory, selects value, resource, influence and exchange as the four elements for the analysis of micro-interaction between the government and the firm. That the differences and complementary in value and resource impact to each other results in the mutual exchange between the government and the firm. This exchange relationship runs through every historical change between the government and the firm and also each link of China’s political and economic reform. The four elements of the exchange show different distinctive characteristics of the times in the specific historical background. The exchange relationship between the government and the firm has been experiencing from the planned economy period to the disorderly and initial orderly economy period. From the point of the government level, according to the different content and nature of the exchange resources between the government and the firm, the exchange relation between the government and the firm can be divided into the model of information control, the model of discretionary, the model of institution supply and the model of identification. The four exchange models are marked with their respective features, but they always show the consistence and difference in the micro-interaction between the government and the firm. Such consistence and difference reflects complex relation among governments, among firms, and as well as among the government, the firm, and the society. It is the consistence and difference that produce the exchange relationship between the government and the firm in the process of the China’ s political and economic reform. In turn, it is promoting the political and economic restructuring. Therefore, this kind of relationship between the government and the firm encourages its subsistence and transition in China.更多还原