【作者】 江华；

【导师】 杨仲南；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 遗传学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 水稻是一种重要的农作物，也是植物基因功能研究的一种重要的模式作物。由于染色体上分子标记密度不够高影响水稻重要基因的克隆和功能研究。我们利用网上公布的水稻基因组的测序结果，经过数据处理和分析，构建了一个水稻亚种粳稻和籼稻间的DNA多态性数据库。以此为基础构建了一套共97个高效、易用的水稻分子标记体系。 水稻雄性不育突变体是研究花粉发育的优良材料，花粉发育是发育生物学上的重要课题，从雄性不育突变体中克隆相应基因并研究该基因在花药及花粉发育过程中的作用是研究花药及花粉发育分子机理的一个重要方法。本论文对三个水稻雄性不育突变体进行了遗传分析、基因定位和细胞学分析，并对其中的一个突变体ms121进行了进一步的细胞学研究和精细定位。 细胞学分析的结果显示ms121在花粉壁发育的过程中，萌发孔的孢粉素片层的形成出现异常，导致花粉粒萌发孔的塞子无法正常形成。通过图位克隆的方法最终将该基因定位在水稻第二条染色体200Kb范围内，在此区间内没有发表的不育基因，因此OsMS121是一个新的水稻雄性不育基因。本项工作为我们克隆水稻雄性不育基因OsMS121及其深入的功能分析奠定基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important crop, rice is also a model plant for plant functional genomics. Due to the density of molecular markers in rice chromosomes, gene cloning and functional analysis of rice were affected. Through the downloading of the rice sequence and the data analysis, a DNA polymorphism database between japanica and indica was constructed. Based on the database, a set of 97 InDel markers that are easy to use were established.Cloning and functional analysis of male sterile genes is important for study of anther and pollen development in rice. Three rice male sterile mutants were identified and studied phenotypically and genotypically. Among them, ms121 was analyzed in detail by cytological analysis and fine cloning.Results of cytological analysis indicated that forming of sporopollenin lamella was defected during pollen development, which leads to abnormal pollen operculum. The sediment of sporopollenin in the annular protuberance was also different from wild type. Through map-based cloning, OsMS121 was mapped to a region of 200 KB in chromosome II. No male sterile gene was reported in this region, indicating OsMS121 is a novel male sterile gene. The molecular cloning and further functional analysis of this gene will provide further insight into the mechanism of rice anther development.更多还原