【作者】 吴斌；

【导师】 郑小林；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 生物医学工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 听觉是人们获取外界信息,与外界进行交流的重要途径,然而世界上却存在很大一部分具有听觉障碍的人群。绝大多数的深度耳聋患者丧失了将声音的声能转变为电信号,并通过听觉神经纤维传送给大脑的能力。人工电子耳蜗是一项治疗感音神经性耳聋的技术,其基本原理是代替已丧失功能的耳蜗毛细胞完成声电换能,并且通过语音信号处理器用适当的电流脉冲直接刺激听神经,从而使患者重获听觉。在我国有众多听力不同程度受损患者,这其中有较大一部份是聋儿。对于深度耳聋患者助听器已没有作用,人工电子耳蜗可以在一定程度上恢复这类患者的听力,所以自主开发人工电子耳蜗,将有益于我国聋人的康复事业,并产生巨大的社会效益和经济效益。人工电子耳蜗系统主要包括语音处理器和植入电极。语音处理器主要作用在于声音的采集处理和产生电极所需的电刺激信号。本次课题主要目的在于实现人工电子耳蜗语音处理器的基本系统结构,使语音信号处理器在硬件和软件上能完成应有的功能,并希望在此基础上能对国内人工电子耳蜗语音处理器的研究在电路设计上提供一些借鉴作用。在本课题中,整个人工电子耳蜗语音处理器在硬件上采用了基于数字信号处理器TMS320VC5409的系统结构。而软件中所采用的语音信号处理方法主要是通过结合信号压缩模拟(CA)和提取基频和共振峰的F0/F1/F2这两种方案的特点来实现的。由于耳蜗电极在国内加工尚存在很大困难,所以本次的人工电子耳蜗语音处理器仍无法进行一些初步的动物实验。最后在计算机中应用MATLAB6.5对语音信号处理方案进行了仿真试验,同时用示波器TDS3052B也作了部分仿真试验,试验结果显示处理后的语音与原始语音在频谱包络特征上相似,这表明经处理后的语音信号包含了原语音信号的包络信号和部分频率信号,所以可预见患者佩戴本语音处理器后是可以恢复一定听觉的。回顾本次课题的研究,所设计的语音处理器存在以下特点:1.采用了高速DSP芯片,实现了对语音信号快速﹑连续的处理。2.限于电子耳蜗语音处理器的系统结构,未采用连续交替采样(CIS)的语音处理方案,而是采用了CA和F0/F1/F2这两种方案相结合的处理方案。3.所设计的电子耳蜗语音处理器采用外部3V供电,内部采取了多种节能手段。4.语音处理器的尺寸被尽量向小型化设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 The sense of hearing is the way people obtain external information, and exchange with the external world. But there exists a large crowd of people with obstacle of sense of hearing. Most deep deaf patients lose the ability of changing the voice into the electric signal, and conveying to the brain through the neural fibre of sense of hearing. The cochlear implant is a device to cure nerve deaf. Its basic principle is to replace the function of hair cells to finish transfer from sound to electricity, and stimulate the auditory nerve directly with the proper current pulse through the speech processor, thus making the patient recapture the sense of hearing. There are patients in various degree of hearing lost in our country, most of whom are deaf. Audiphones have nothing to do with the deaf patients, the cochlear implant can help the patients resume hearing on a large scale, To develop cochlear implant independently, is helpful to the undertaking to deaf patients, bringing enormous social and economic benefits.A cochlear implant system mainly include speech processor and planted electrode. The function of the speech processor lies in dealing with speech signal and producing the pulse which electrodes need to stimulate cochlea. The purpose of this subject is set up the basic system structure of the cochlear implant’s speech processor, make the speech processor can finish the function of signal processing on the hardware and software, and offer some suggestions on the circuit design of domestic cochlear implant’s speech processor.In this subject, the speech processor adopts the systematic structure of the digital signal processor TMS320VC5409, and finished the design of other hardwares according to the characteristic of DSP. The speech procesor adopts the scheme of the signal compress analog(CA) and cooperates with the treatment based on the speech feature-extraction strategics. Because it is difficult to produce electrode at home, the speech processor is still unable to go on some animal test. The auther has carried on the artificial test of the signal of speech by using MATLAB6.5 and two channel color digital phosphor oscilloscope TDS3052B. The result of the test shows the treated speech signal and primitive signal are similar in spectrum, this indicates the treated speech signal includes the information of the original signal. So we can claim the patient can resume certain sense of hearing after wearing a speech processor.Reviewing the research of this subject, the designed speech processor has the更多还原