【作者】 龙成梅；

【导师】 曾祥钦； 卢红梅；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 木质素是一种芳香类生物聚合物，广泛存在于羊齿类及更高等的植物中。它具有资源丰富、可再生等优点，是一种可持续发展的资源。木质素成本较低，木质素及其衍生物具有多种功能性，其应用前景十分广阔。如可作为分散剂、吸附剂、解吸剂、石油回收助剂、沥青乳化剂，木质素对人类可持续发展最为重大贡献就在于提供稳定、持续的有机物质来源。但基于木质素中存在大量的LCC复合体结构，影响其利用，因此研究木质素提纯意义重大。 本论文以此为立题依据，用微生物发酵处理具有LCC结构的工业粗木质素原料，纯化木质素。采用透明圈法于实验室分离筛选出细菌一株（X1-1）及霉菌两株（M1-1、M3-2），3株菌均能产生明显透明圈，具有较高的半纤维素酶活力，X1-1酶活力为1345.7U·ml^-1，M1-1、M3-2酶活力分别为625.0U·ml^-1、1850.0U·ml^-1。同时，实验证明，此3株均对半纤维素的利用具有较高的选择性，它们基本不利用木质素但是对半纤维素的利用效果明显。 3株菌产生的半纤维素酶性质为：M3-2产生的酶最适温度为45℃，M1-1产生的酶最适温度为50℃，X1-1产生的酶最适温度为为55℃；M3-2、M3-1产生的酶最适pH值均为5、X1-1产生的酶最适pH值为6；M3-2在55℃以下比较稳定，M3-1在60℃以下稳定，而X1-1在55℃以下稳定。 工业木质素原料进行发酵处理后，从各个方面检验处理效果，通过测定发酵液中总糖含量、发酵液中单糖含量、样品碳氢元素变化，并采用红外吸收、紫外吸收等测量手段对处理前后的木质素进行测定。实验结果显示，处理前后发酵液中总糖含量及单糖含量均发生变化，同时处理后原料中木质素含量有所增加，纯度有所提高。例如，表征木质素结构的紫丁香环在1129.29cm^-1处的吸收值增加了0.2654，1603.91cm^-1处，芳香环（骨架振动）振动吸收值增加了0.4565；1514.00cm^-1芳香环（骨架振动）振动吸收值增加了0.4150。更多还原

【Abstract】 A class of aromatic compounds, lignin, found widely in plants such as gigantopterides and other higher plants. It is abundant, renewable sustainable and cheap. Lignin and or its derivative have many functions, this opened up broad possibilities for use in many sphere, such as dispersant, sorbent, strippant, a substance to help reclaim petroleum, asphalt emulsifier al.. The most important contribution of lignin to sustainable development of the world is that it can provide organic substance steadily and persistently. But, lots of LCC （Lignin-carbohydrate Complexes） in lignin limit the use range of lignin, so it is significant to research the purification of lignin.This paper is based on these points. We fermented lignin from industry with the structure of LCC using microorganism to purify lignin. Using a method called transparent circle, three strains , X1—1, M1—1 and M3-2 with high capacity for degrading hemicellulose were screened. The three strains of microorganism all can produce obvious transparent circle and they all have high activities of hemicellulase , the activities of hemicellulase of X1—1 was as high as 1345. 7 U ? ml^-1, and M1-1,M3-2 was 625.0 U ? ml^-1, 1850. 0 U ? ml^-1 separately. At the same time, experiments indicated that the three strains of microorganism can choose to degrade hemicellulose selectively, but to a large extent they do not make use of lignin.The following we will introduce the properties of hemicellulase produced from the three strains of microorganism. The optimal tempreture for M3-2, Ml-1 and X1-1 were 45℃, 50℃ and 55℃ respectively,and the optimal pH were pH 5, pH 5 and pH 6 respectively. When the tempreture更多还原