【作者】 李清江；

【导师】 伍玉娇；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 材料学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本课题主要运用共混原理，借助于塑料挤出机和注射机，采用熔融共混法分别制备了PP／CaCO₃、HDPE／CaCO₃和PP／SiO₂共混体系。通过实验研究了超细CaCO₃和SiO₂粉体含量对PP／CaCO₃、HDPE／CaCO₃和PP／SiO₂共混体系力学性能的影响，超细CaCO₃粉体在聚合物PP和HDPE基体中的分散机理，以及无机超细粉体对基体的结晶行为的影响，并针对不同偶联剂处理、不同偶联剂处理加增容剂和未处理的超细粉体分别填充PP和HDPE的性能进行了比较分析。来探讨PP／CaCO₃、HDPE／CaCO₃和PP／SiO₂共混体系的相容性机理，并建立了共混体系相容机理物理模型。 论文中对超细CaCO₃和SiO₂粉体进行了粒度与比表面测试分析，对经偶联剂表面改性的超细CaCO₃和SiO₂粉体进行了红外吸收光谱分析，对改性前后的复合材料进行了流变性能、力学性能测试、差热扫描量热分析、扫描电镜等分析，讨论了样品中结构和性能之间的关系。 研究结果表明：表面改性的超细SiO₂粉体和超细CaCO₃粉体在基体HDPE和PP中的界面粘结性、均匀分散性和相容性得到改善。在PP／CaCO₃、HDPE／CaCO₃和PP／SiO₂共混体系中加入增容剂后，在基体聚烯烃与超细无机粉体之间形成梯度界面层，使得超细SiO₂粉体和超细CaCO₃粉体与基体的界面粘结性、均匀分散性和相容性进一步改善，共混体系PP／CaCO₃、HDPE／CaCO₃和PP／SiO₂的综合性能也得到提高。为聚烯烃／超细无机粉体复合材料的设计和生产运用提供重要的理论依据。 此外，本文还对无机纳米粉体填充改性聚合物的最新研究进展进行了综述。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the paper, PP/CaCO₃, HDPE/CaCO₃ and PP/SiO₂ are produced by means of extruder machine, injection machine and blending principles. Effection powders of contents of ultra fine CaCO₃ and ultra fine SiO₂ on mechanical properties of blending system PP/CaCO₃, HDPE/CaCO₃ and PP/SiO₂, influence of the ultra fine CaCO₃ and ultra fine SiO₂ on crystallization behavior and the dispersion mechanism are investigated. Against ultra fine powders of different coupling agent, both different coupling agent and compatibilizer and surface unteatment are filled performances of PP and HDPE of a comparative analysis. To explore compatibility mechanisms of blebds of the PP/CaCO₃, HDPE/CaCO₃ and PP/SiO₂, The physical model of compatible mechanism of blends was also established.We have investigated the composites by means of mechanical testing, DSC, SEM, etc. The relation between the structure and property of the composites has been discussed in this thesis. We studied the ultra fine powders by means of LS particles size analysis, we also studied the modified ultra fine SiO₂ and ultra fine CaCO₃ by means of FT-IR.Research shows that interface adhesion, even dispersivity and the compatibility of ultra fine powders of surface modified SiO₂ and CaCO₃ are improved in matrix of HDPE and PP. Between matrix of polyolefine and ultra fine inorganic powder form the gradient interface layer after compatibilizer join, which make the the interface adhesion, even dispersivity and the compatibility of powders of ultra fine CaCO₃ and SiO₂ in blends of PP/CaCO₃, HDPE/CaCO₃ and PP/ SiO₂ that cause further improves, The overall performance of blends of PP/CaCO₃, HDPE/CaCO₃ and PP/SiO₂ also obtains the enhancement. Which provide important theoretical foundation for the deign, production and application of polyolefine/ultra fine inorganic powder composite.Finally, this paper summarizes the late development study on polymers filled by ultra fine powders.更多还原