聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯工程塑料化研究

【作者】 王小娟；

【导师】 王经武；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 材料学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 研究高性能、高附加值的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)，使其作为工程塑料使用，对于解决我国PET产能增长已远大于产品需求量增长的矛盾，使越来越多的PET废弃物也能作为工程塑料使用，具有重要的经济、社会意义和学术价值。 使PET作为工程塑料应用要解决两方面的科学技术问题：其一，提高韧性；其二，改变结晶行为，加快结晶速度，降低成型加工模温。为了研制出韧性大幅度提高而刚性基本不降低或少降低，又能在较低的模温(如60～70℃)下成型加工的增韧PET，本工作提出了研制一种多功能母料(MFMB)，这种MFMB不仅可以使PET的韧性大幅度提高，而且通过MFMB中微晶对PET的钉铆-铰链作用可以抑止引入低刚性组分导致的增韧PET刚性的降低，同时，还具有加快PET结晶速度，使成型加工模温降低，使PET结晶结构更加完善等作用的研究思想。 基于上述构思，本文以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE，表示为E)、丁苯弹性体(表示为N)、环氧化合物(表示为C)及助反应剂(表示为R)等为主要原料，采用多种特殊技术，通过化学反应研制出了EN型多功能母料(表示为EN-MFMB)，将EN-MFMB与PET进行热机械共混，制备出了可以在60℃左右模温下成型，韧性大幅度提高而刚性基本不降低的增韧PET(PET／EN-MFMB)，并对EN-MFMB的化学结构、结晶形态、熔体流动速率和PET／EN-MFMB的化学结构、力学性能、热性能、非等温结晶行为与形态等进行了研究。取得了以下主要结果和结论： (1)EN-MFMB中的HDPE、弹性体主要以未反应的“游离”形式存在，少量以与架桥剂形成的接枝共聚物、交联聚合物的形式存在。架桥剂以均聚物、二者的共聚物及与HDPE、弹性体形成的接枝共聚物、交联聚合物的形式存在。EN-MFMB是由未反应的HDPE、弹性体，HDPE、弹性体与架桥剂形成的接枝共聚物及交联聚合物，架桥剂的均聚物、二者的共聚物组成的。 (2)制备EN-MFMB时，随着环氧化合物与助反应剂配比中环氧化合物比例的增大，架桥剂的表观转化率逐渐增大，EN-MFMB中HDPE、弹性体与架桥剂形成的接枝共聚物及交联聚合物的含量增加，环氧官能团的含量增加。 (3)EN-MFMB中HDPE的结晶形态不同程度的细化。 (4)EN-MFMB的熔体流动性较小。随制备EN-MFMB时HDPE和弹性体配比中弹更多还原

【Abstract】 The research on the high-performance, the high-added value Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET) used as the engineering plastic had the important economy, the social significance and the academic value, which solved the contradiction of the PET production ability increase exceeding the demand in our country and also disposed of the more and more PET waste.Two aspects of science and technology problems had to be solved to make PET as engineering plastic applied: First, enhanced toughness; Second, improved crystalline behavior, speeded up the crystallization velocity, reduced the die temperature. For developing the PET with the toughness large scale enhancement but the rigidity not to reduce or little to reduce, a research idea was put forward to prepare a sort of multifunctional master batch which could enhance sharply PET’s toughness and riveting-hinge function of minicrystal in MFMB to PET could restrain the PET’s rigidity decreasing, at the same time, quickened PET’s crystalline speed and decreased die temperature and perfected PET’s crystalline structure.Based on the above idea, the EN type MFMB(EN-MFMB) was synthesized by chemical reaction and several special technologies using HDPE, styrene-butadiene rubber(N), epoxy compound(C) and reactor assist(R) as main material in this work. Then the toughened PET(PET/EN-MFMB) was prepared by thermo-mechanical blending which could be moulded at 60℃ die temperature and the toughness was improved obviously and rigidity was maintained. Furthermore, we studied the chemical structure, crystalline morphology, melt flow rate of EN-MFMB and the chemical structure, mechanical property, thermal property, non-isothermal crystalline behavior and morphology of PET/EN-MFMB. The main results and conclusions were summarized as follows:(1) The EN-MFMB was composed of unreacted HDPE and elastomer, the graft polymer and cross-linking polymer formed from HDPE, elastomer and the bridge-agents, the homopolymer and copolymer of the two bridge-agents.The HDPE and elastomer in EN-MFMB existed as free form mainly, and minority existed as graft polymer and cross-linking polymer with the bridge-agents. The bridge-agents remained in homopolymer, copolymer of the two bridge-agents and cross-linking polymer of HDPE, elastomer and the更多还原