奶牛场废水综合处理工艺研究

【作者】 张仕立；

【导师】 高健磊；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国现代化养殖技术的发展，畜禽养殖业向优质、高效发展，成为高度专业化生产行业；目前国内畜禽养殖废水，大多未经妥善回收利用与处理而直接排放，对环境造成相当污染。本文针对其水质特点和国内此类废水治理方法单一、未考虑氨氮去除、工艺复杂且成本较高等现状问题，并考虑牛场废水有机物浓度高、氨氮浓度高、纤维含量高、恶臭严重等特点，本文提出了：ABR厌氧消化—絮凝沉淀—ICEAS好氧生物处理的奶牛场废水综合处理工艺。 本文利用ABR—絮凝沉淀—ICEAS工艺对奶牛场实际废水进行了处理。试验结果表明：经ABR厌氧处理后COD去除率可达70-75％；絮凝沉淀处理COD去除率可达85-90％，ICEAS对COD、氨氮的去除率分别在85-90％和94-98％；处理工艺总体COD、氨氮去除率不低于98％和94％；处理后废水可达标排放。 经过系统研究，确定了各处理单元启动和运行条件，分别为：1)ABR中温启动条件：温度=35-39℃，Q=3-6L／h，进水COD浓度为1000mg／L，HRT为17-34h，Nv=0.72-1.44kgCOD／（m³·d），MLSS=38-50g／L；2)絮凝沉淀条件：温度=20℃，搅拌2min，静沉10min，pH=7.35，COD浓度=500-2000mg／L；通过絮凝剂的比选，本试验选择了氯化铁作为絮凝剂，并确定了一定浓度范围内COD与氯化铁最佳投加量关系曲线；3)ICEAS试验：通过设计不同的周期组合、进水流量、进水基质浓度及回流比等来考查该反应器对COD及NH₃-N的处理效果，并最终确定在进水基质浓度为750mg／L下的最佳工艺运行条件：周期T=9.5hr（曝气时间8hr、沉淀时间为1hr、排水时间0.5hr）、回流比为100％、泥龄28d、MLSS=7.1g／L；此条件下废水中COD和NH₃-N的去除率可分别高达85％和92％以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of modern breeding technology, poultry breeding’s direction is high quality and efficiency, it become a highly specialized production. However, at present, the large amount of wastewater from the poultry breeding is mostly discharged directly without appropriate treatment, so it produces a comparative pollution to the environment. The essay contraposes the wastewater quality and the actuality that is single treating method , not considered ammonia nitrogen removal, complicated technology , higher cost and less application, and considering the characteristic of milk cattle wastewater which includes higher organic mater , ammonia nitrogen , fiber and cacosmia, a method to treat milk cattle wastewater was proposed, that is ABR-flocculation and precipitation- ICEAS.The essay disposes the milk cattle wastewater by ABR-Flocculation and Precipitation-ICEAS, the results from experiments indicates that 70-75%COD_Cr can be treated by ABR, 85-90%COD_Cr can be eliminated by flocculation and precipitation, 85-90%COD_Cr and 92-98% ammonia nitrogen can be removed by ICEAS. COD and ammonia nitrogen removal is respectively above 98% and 94% in the treating technology; Finally, discharged wastewaters are up to standards.By systemic research, the experiment makes the start-up and run condition of each unit, that is respectively: ABR moderate start-up: 1)temperature is 35 ℃,quantity is 3-6L/h, COD concentration in influent is 1000mg/L,HRT is 17-34h, Nv is 0.72-1.44kgCOD/（m³·d） , MLSS is 38-50g/L;2)flocculation and precipitation: temperature is 20 ℃, stirred time is 2min, precipitation time id 10min, pH is 7.35, COD concentration is 500-2000mg/L; through comparing flocculation precipitator, the experiment chooses chloride ferric, and confirms the relation curve on COD concentration in certain range and chloride ferric;3)ICEAS experiment: through designing different periodic unit, influent flow, influent density of ground substance and reflux ratio et al, the COD_Cr and ammonia nitrogen removal is examined about reactor, and finally in the influent ground concentration 750mg/L condition, the experiment determines the best process conditions: period 9.5hours(aeration time 8更多还原