越南阮主政权的对外关系（1600～1802）

【作者】 徐芳亚；

【导师】 戴可来；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 世界史， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 越南(Vietnam)是中国的南邻。17～19世纪初(1600～1802年)，越南处于南北纷争时期。双方以(氵灵)江为界：江北归郑氏统治，俗称郑主；江南则由阮氏统治，称阮主。自1627年～1672年双方发生多次战争，北方郑主一直想吞并阮主，恢复国家的统一，但并没有达到预期的目的。反而使阮主在与郑主的争夺中不断壮大自己的实力，最终形成了两个相互对峙的的割据政权。 1558年，阮潢出镇顺广，标志着割据局面的开始。在同北方的争夺中，阮主采取一系列措施，巩固自己在政治、经济、文化等诸方面的势力，形成一个名符其实的割据王国。它在基本巩固其统治之后，即大规模南进。占婆(Champa—pura)王国的富庶和地理位置的重要性，成为阮主对外扩张最终的牺牲品。在吞并占婆后，又把扩张的矛头直接对准了近邻柬埔寨(Cambodia)，并兼并了柬埔寨王国的半壁河山，大致形成了今日越南之版图。西方殖民主义者的到来，带来了“掠夺”和罪行，但客观上也加速了这个地区与世界融合的进程。 越南阮主政权是在南北纷争时期所建立起来的封建割据政权，中日史籍称之为“广南国”。它萌芽于16世纪中期，形成于17世纪初，由于长时间的对外征战，加上国内的大兴土木，使民力财力大耗，各地叛乱渐起。在1771年爆发的西山起义的打击下，阮主政权最终灭亡。阮主政权从一个偏安江南、地狭人少的地方割据势力，经过发展成为一个实力强大的政权，它奠定了今天越南南方的基础。阮主政权在南方的统治存在了两个世纪之久，在越南的历史上占有重要的地位，对越南的历史产生了重大的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vietnam is the sounth neighbour of China. In the seventeen to nineteen century, Vietnam was divided into two parts which took the Song Gianh as their boundary, the Trinh governed the north,and the Nguyen governed the south. From 1627 to 1772, they had fought each other, the Trinh in the north had wanted to swallow up the Nguyen and resumed the country’s union, but it didn’t finish the anticipative goal. At last, the Nguyen enlarged the strength in the fight with the Trinh and formed two separately governmental cliques.In 1558, Nguyen Hoang began to govern the two important provinces of Thuan Hoa and Quang Nam,which signs the beginning of separate phase. As contesting with the North, the Nguyen took a series of measures to consolidate its’ forces in the politics, economy and culture, thus formed a real separate realm. After this, the Nguyen began to attack the South. Because of the realm’s richness and the geographical importance, Champa—pura had become the victims of the Nguyen’s expand. After swallowing up the Champa—pura, the Nguyen also began to invade the near neighbor Cambodia and annexed the half territory of the Cambodia, which formed the domain of today’s Vietnam. The coming of the western colonialist had brought the plunder and crime, but accelerated the course objectly that this areas amalgamated with the world.The king Nguyen of Vietnam was divided feudally one which set up in the period of the dispute between the South and the North. It germinated from the mid-sixteen century, shaped in the early seventeen century, died out in 1771 because of the beat of the Tay Son uprising. But its descendant—Nguyen phuc Anh—set up the last fedual dynasty — Nguyen dynasty in Vietnam after suppressing the Tay Son uprising army. The Nguyen regime had developed from a remote and small separatist regional regime to a powerful regime, which established the base of today’s southern Vietnam.As the Nguyen regime had governed two century in the south, it played a very important role and had a great impact on in the Vietnamese history.更多还原