化学沉淀法脱氮工艺条件与甲胺类物质影响研究

【作者】 王会芳；

【导师】 高健磊；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业的快速发展，其废水排放量越来越多，并且大部分是高浓度氨氮废水，如冶炼废水、焦化废水、化工厂和化肥厂的废水等，因此，经济有效地控制这类废水对环境的污染是目前环境工作者急待解决的问题。 目前处理氨氮的技术方法很多，生物脱氮技术是当前人们研究的热点，但其具有占地面积大、调试周期长、水质条件要求高、处理氨氮的浓度低等缺点。本文从化学处理的角度出发去除废水中的高浓度氨氮，其反应机理是向氨氮废水中投加镁盐和磷酸盐，它们在一定条件下与氨氮发生反应，生成难溶的复盐磷酸铵镁，这种复盐含有氮、磷和镁等植物所需的营养元素，是一种价值较高的缓释复合肥。本文首先研究了化学沉淀法的脱氮工艺条件，通过正交实验确定其影响因素顺序大小，并对这些因素做单因素影响分析，确定pH值、Mg：N和P：N对几种高氨氮浓度模拟废水的影响，并得出处理这几种高氨氮浓度模拟废水的最佳工艺条件为：pH值10.0～10.5、Mg：N：P=(1.2～1.4)：1.0：(1.1～1.0)，此时氨氮的去除率在93％以上。进而采用化学沉淀法对某化工厂的甲胺模拟废水氨氮去除情况进行研究，分析了最佳pH、Mg：N、P：N比来探索一甲胺、二甲胺以及二者同时变动时对氨氮处理效果的影响，得出氨氮去除率达到90％以上的最佳工艺条件：废水中仅含有一甲胺时，其含量必须小于等于528mg／L，此时最佳工艺条件为pH值10.5、Mg：N：P=1.1：1.0：1.0；废水中仅含有二甲胺时，其含量必须小于等于303.6mg／L，此时最佳工艺条件为pH值10.1、Mg：N：P=1.2：1.0：1.0；若废水中同时含有一甲胺和二甲胺时，则废水中一甲胺和二甲胺的含量必须分别小于等于132mg／L和151.8mg／L，此时最佳工艺条件为pH值10.5、Mg：N：P=1.2：1.0：1.0。由试验结论得出：二甲胺对氨氮去除效果的影响大于一甲胺的影响，其联合影响大于单一因素的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of industry, their wastewater discharge is becoming more and more, and most of them are high strength ammonia nitrogen wastewater, such as metallurgy wastewater. coked wastewater. the wastewater in the chemical plant and the plant that produce fertilizer, so how to remove ammonia nitrogen from wastewater by economy effectively is a problem that urgently needs to be solved for environment researchers.At present, there are many technologies that remove ammonia nitrogen, and the technology of bio-denitrification is a hot spot of research, but it has some disadvantages, such as occupying too much space, long debugging period . it demands high water quality and only can remove low concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater et al. It is studied in this essay how to remove high strength ammonia nitrogen from wastewater by chemical precipitation, that is, magnesium salt and phosphate salt are added into this kind of wastewater, and precipitation occurs at an optimal condition, to produce magnesium-ammonium-phosphate which is an insoluble compound and contains three nutrients of phosphorus, nitrogen and magnesium. These nutrients are valuable to plants, it is a valuable slowly released duplicate fertilizer. This essay researchs the condition that chemical precipitation removal ammonia nitrogen in the first part of the research, which has several steps as follows: firstly, the sequence of factors is determined by orthogonal experiment; secondly, the effects of the single factor are analyzed, and then the research determines the influence of pH and magnesium, ammonia and phosphate molar ratios on the several artifical wastewaters with high strength ammonia nitrogen; at last, the research makes a conclusion of the optimal condition of dealing with these artificial wastewaters, they are pH between 10.0 and 10.5, magnesium, ammonium and phosphate molar ratios of (1.2-1.4) :1.0: C1.1-1.0), in the optimal condition, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is above 93%. In the second part, methylamine artificial wastewater is researched by chemical precipitation, the research analyzes the optimal pH. Mg:N. P:N influence on ammonia nitrogen removal when methylamine.更多还原