【作者】 王福光；

【导师】 邵淑娟；

【作者基本信息】 大连医科大学 ， 人体解剖与组织胚胎学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:恶性肿瘤是当今世界上严重危害人类健康的重大疾病之一,食管癌是消化系统最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。目前常采用手术、放疗、化疗及免疫方法治疗肿瘤,主要靠症状、体征及临床检查确定治疗方案,对疾病治疗存在一定的局限性。随着肿瘤分子生物学研究的深入,发现肿瘤的发生发展是一个复杂过程。在这个过程中,存在着癌基因的激活和抑癌基因的失活等一系列的遗传学改变。抑癌基因的失活在肿瘤发生中的作用至关重要。为了探讨抑癌基因同肿瘤临床特点的关系,本实验主要选取食管癌患者组织作为研究对象,探讨食管肿瘤组织中Caveolin-1、Smad4、Brca1在肿瘤组织、正常组织及癌前病变组织中表达的差异,期望找到早期诊断和预后的分子标记物。方法:1、本试验收集93例食管肿瘤组织作为研究对象,分别对其肿瘤组织、正常组织及癌前病变组织的蛋白表达进行研究。2、组织微阵列的制作及应用。制作两种规格的微阵列:一种包括肿瘤组织和对应的正常组织,对45例食管癌病例取225个观测点(每例分别取肿瘤组织3个、正常组织2个),用来检测Smad4;另一种包括肿瘤组织、癌前病变组织和正常组织,对48例食管癌病例取288个观测点(每例分别取肿瘤组织2个、癌前病变组织2个、正常组织2个)分别用来检测Caveolin-1和Brca1;3、采用免疫组织化学的方法检测在肿瘤组织、正常组织及癌前组织中Caveolin-1、Smad4、Brca1的蛋白表达情况。结果:1.在48例病例中,共有288个观测点,Caveolin-1肿瘤组织阳性或弱阳性,86.44%(51/59),正常组织阳性占70.40%(57/81),癌前病变组织阳性占80.00%(64/80),Caveolin-1在食道癌组织和癌前病变组织与正常组织相比存在显著差异(P=0.037, P<0.05 ) 2.在45例病例中,共有225个观测点,肿瘤组织Smad4阳性或弱阳性占更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: Malignant tumor is one of the most devastating diseases threatening the human health nowadays. Esophageal cancer is one of the most common carcinoma. At present, the surgery, radiation therapy \chemotherapy and immunotherapy are often used to treat tumor, mainly based on the symptoms, signs, and clinical examinations to determine the therapy regimen, which showing certain limit to the treatment. Recently with the lucubrating of the oncology and molecular biology, people found that carcinomatous changing of normal cells result from the accumulation of genetic alterations at specific chromosomal regions involving a multistep process. During this process, the genetic alteration includes the activating of oncogenes and inactivating of tumor suppressor genes. The inactivating of tumor suppressor genes is a critical event to the cancer pathogenesis. In order to discuss the relationship of tumor suppressor gene and tumor clinical characters, this experiment mainly selects esophageal carcinoma as the searching objective. Our goal is to investigate the difference expression of Caveolin-1/smad4/brcal in esophageal carcinoma, normal tissues and pre-cancerous lesion, hoping to find the molecular marker for the early diagnosis and prognosis.Methods: 1. This experiment collected 93 cases of esophageal carcinoma (Smad4 has 45 cases \ Caveolin-1 has 48cases \ Brca1 has 48 cases), and respectively discussed the relationship of pathology grades \ Lymphatic metastasis with tumor tissue\normal tissue and pre-cancerous tissue. 2. The design and use of tissue array. Two sorts of tissue array were designed, one used to detect Smad4, obtaining 225 observation points from更多还原