碳纳米管/低密度聚乙烯纳米复合材料的研究

【作者】 赵冬梅；

【导师】 赵东宇；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 碳纳米管(CNTs)具有良好的力学和导电性能及其独特的一维纳米结构所特有的纳米效应，使其在制备超强力学性能的复合材料以及研究开发新一代的具有导电和光电性能的聚合物复合材料等领域发挥了多方面的作用，在化工、机械、汽车等工业和航空航天技术方面具有广阔的应用空间。碳纳米管(CNTs)可分为单壁纳米管(SWNTs)和多壁纳米管(MWNTs)，由不同的石墨片层卷制而成。 本文以低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)为基体，以多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)为增强材料制备复合材料。通过超声、搅拌、密炼使MWNTs达到比较理想的分散，并利用FEI sirion扫描电子显微镜对样品的分散程度进行测试和确定，分析了成型工艺对分散性的影响。采用ZC36型高阻位电阻计测定样品的表面电阻和体积电阻，并计算出相应的电阻率，本论文还测定不同含量MWNTs的样品的拉伸强度及弹性模量等性能，分析了不同含量的MWNTs对复合材料导电性和力学性能的影响，并总结出其规律。 通过以上各种特性的测试分析，表明由于MWNTs的分散工艺十分有效，MWNTs／LDPE复合材料呈现了良好的导电性和力学性能，且随着MWNTs含量的增多，电阻率下降，出现渗流阈现象，拉伸强度和模量提高，而断裂伸长率下降。更多还原

【Abstract】 CNTs (Carbon nanotubes) possessing good conductivity and mechanical property and nano-effect to which their one-dimentional nanostructure leading, which not only made them play many important roles in preparing composites with super strong mechanical property and developing advanced polymer composites with conductivity and photoelectricity, but also had broaden applied space in such aspects as chemical engineering , machinery auto industry and aero technology. CNTs were consist of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)and mullti-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs).MWNTs/LDPE composites used LDPE as matrix and MWNTs as intensifier in this work. MWNTs were dispersed ideally through supersonic, stir and banburying. The degree of dispersion was tested and probed with the help of FE1 sirion SEM. at the same time the effect shaping process on dispersion was analysised. The surface resistance and volume resistance of sample were measured by ZC-36 Megohmmeter and the corresponding resistivity could be calculated. The tensile strength and elastic modulus of specimen were characterized by tensile machine. The effect different content of MWNTs on conductivity and mechanical property of composites and its laws were discussed.We had already realized dispersion technology of MWNTs were effective and proved that with the increase of MWNTs contens MWNTs/LDPE composites hold good electricity and mechanical performance .更多还原